Table 2.
Univariate and multivariate analyses on the primary outcome variable of “ever had skin checked by a dermatologist”
| Demographic and socioeconomic factors | Univariate OR (95% CI) | P | Multivariate OR (95% CI) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Age (1 year) |
1.02 (1.01 - 1.04) |
<0.0001 |
1.00 (0.97 - 1.03) |
0.89 |
|
Gender (Female (ref = Male)) |
1.63 (1.09 - 2.43) |
0.02 |
1.17 (0.62 - 2.21) |
0.64 |
|
Marital status | ||||
|
Single |
Ref |
<0.001 |
Ref |
0.09 |
|
Married |
2.02 (1.37 - 2.97) |
2.52 (1.06 - 5.99) |
||
|
Separated, Divorced, Widowed |
3.90 (1.65 - 9.22) |
3.05 (0.65 - 14.3) |
||
|
Education | ||||
|
High School |
Ref |
0.83 |
Ref |
0.60 |
|
College |
1.12 (0.55 - 2.31) |
1.84 (0.55 - 6.11) |
||
|
Graduate/Professional School |
1.00 (0.48 - 2.10) |
1.62 (0.46 - 5.72) |
||
|
Annual household income | ||||
|
< $25,000 |
Ref |
0.004 |
Ref |
0.21 |
|
$25,001-50,000 |
1.61 (0.79 - 3.28) |
1.83 (0.65 - 5.14) |
||
|
$50,001-75,000 |
3.24 (1.59 - 6.61) |
3.01 (1.03 - 8.79) |
||
|
$75,001-100,000 |
2.98 (1.43 - 6.23) |
3.33 (1.10 - 10.07) |
||
|
> $100,000 |
2.68 (1.44 - 4.99) |
2.19 (0.86 - 5.62) |
||
|
Has health insurance |
0.77 (0.38 - 1.57) |
0.47 |
0.62 (0.21 - 1.84) |
0.39 |
|
Acculturation | ||||
|
Generation in the United States | ||||
|
First Generation (born outside US) |
Ref |
<0.0001 |
Ref |
|
|
Second Generation |
1.92 (1.23 - 2.99) |
1.83 (0.92 - 3.61) |
0.40 |
|
|
Third Generation |
3.68 (1.77 - 7.65) |
1.52 (0.45 - 5.15) |
|
|
|
Fourth or more Generation |
2.99 (1.37 - 6.52) |
1.63 (0.52 - 5.04) |
|
|
|
Self-rated acculturation | ||||
|
Very Asian |
Ref |
0.001 |
Ref |
0.44 |
|
Mostly Asian |
2.52 (1.12 - 5.67) |
0.94 (0.34 - 2.56) |
||
|
Bicultural |
2.15 (1.03 - 4.47) |
1.09 (0.37 - 3.22) |
||
|
Mostly Westernized |
4.82 (2.17 - 10.67) |
1.81 (0.59 - 5.58) |
||
|
Very Westernized |
3.76 (1.52 - 9.34) |
1.83 (0.48 - 6.92) |
||
|
Additional parameters | ||||
|
Personal history of skin cancer |
7.71 (0.94 - 63.11) |
0.06 |
NR* |
|
|
Family history of skin cancer |
3.92 (1.27 - 12.05) |
0.02 |
5.67 (0.94 - 34.08) |
0.06 |
|
Co-worker or friend with history of skin cancer |
2.37 (1.52 - 3.69) |
0.001 |
1.05 (0.54 - 2.05) |
0.89 |
|
Has heard of ABCDEs of melanoma |
1.78 (1.08 - 2.94) |
0.03 |
1.20 (0.57 - 2.53) |
0.64 |
|
Belief in SSE | ||||
|
Disagree |
Ref |
<0.0001 |
Ref |
0.23 |
|
Agree |
2.44 (1.45 - 4.12) |
1.29 (0.50 - 3.32) |
||
|
Neutral |
1.05 (0.56 - 1.97) |
1.98 (0.84 - 4.67) |
||
|
Ever performed SSE |
4.28 (2.79 - 6.59) |
<0.0001 |
2.99 (1.54 - 5.80) |
0.0012 |
|
Self-assessed risk for getting skin cancer during lifetime, n = 465 | ||||
| Strongly disagree |
Ref |
0.0099 |
Ref |
0.13 |
| Mildly agree |
1.34 (0.54 - 3.35) |
1.18 (0.28 - 5.00) |
||
| Mildly disagree |
1.58 (0.54 - 4.61) |
1.72 (0.33 - 8.98) |
||
| Neither agree nor disagree |
1.17 (0.43 - 3.15) |
0.60 (0.13 - 2.76) |
||
| Strongly agree |
2.69 (1.06 - 6.82) |
1.99 (0.45 - 8.73) |
||
|
Skin burns when exposed to strong sunshine without protection | ||||
| Not at all |
Ref |
0.54 |
Ref |
0.05 |
| Somewhat |
1.46 (0.67 - 3.17) |
1.37 (0.43 - 4.40) |
||
| Very little |
1.70 (0.76 - 3.81) |
2.53 (0.76 - 8.46) |
||
| Yes (red, painful burn) |
1.52 (0.67 - 3.45) |
0.77 (0.22 - 2.74) |
||
|
Skin tans when exposed to strong sunshine without protection | ||||
| Not tan at all - I just burn |
Ref |
0.20 |
Ref |
0.13 |
| Tan Slightly |
1.61 (0.51 - 5.12) |
0.37 (0.06 - 2.25) |
||
| Tan deeply |
2.45 (0.80 - 7.55) |
0.85 (0.15 - 4.84) |
||
| Tan moderately |
1.76 (0.58 - 5.34) |
0.57 (0.10 - 3.15) |
||
|
Number of blistering sunburns in lifetime | ||||
| 0 |
Ref |
0.78 | Ref |
0.73 |
| 1 - 2 |
1.13 (0.75 - 1.71) |
1.28 (0.67 - 2.43) |
||
| 3 - 4 |
1.30 (0.74 - 2.28) |
1.32 (0.58 - 3.01) |
||
| 5 or more | 1.28 (0.57 - 2.85) | 1.92 (0.49 - 7.49) | ||
*Not included in multivariate analysis due to small number of skin cancers (n = 8).
Multivariate analysis was based on n = 324 unless otherwise indicated.
Bolded numbers indicate significance at a level P<0.05.