Table 2.

Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of poor self-rated health by socioeconomic characteristics

Characteristic		Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
		OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)
Education	Primary or less	1.0	1.0	1.0
	Vocational	0.58 (0.46-0.73)	0.56 (0.44-0.71)	0.58 (0.45-0.73)
	Secondary	0.51 (0.40-0.64)	0.55 (0.43-0.69)	0.54 (0.42-0.69)
	University	0.36 (0.27-0.47)	0.42 (0.31-0.56)	0.43 (0.32-0.58)
Income quartile	Q1 (lowest)	1.0	1.0	1.0
	Q2	0.77 (0.61-0.98)	0.81 (0.64-1.03)	0.78 (0.61-0.99)
	Q3	0.66 (0.51-0.86)	0.73 (0.55-0.94)	0.81 (0.62-1.05)
	Q4 (highest)	0.63 (0.47-0.85)	0.72 (0.53-0.98)	0.85 (0.62-1.18)
	Missing	0.90 (0.67-1.21)	0.95 (0.71-1.28)	1.00 (0.74-1.35)
Married	Married	1.0	1.0	1.0
	Unmarried	1.70 (1.41-2.06)	1.55 (1.28-1.89)	1.38 (1.13-1.69)
Ethnicity	Kazakh	1.0	1.0	1.0
	Russia	1.44 (1.18-1.75)	1.49 (1.22-1.82)	1.29 (1.05-1.59)
	Other	1.11 (0.82-1.5)	1.06 (0.78-1.43)	1.00 (0.74-1.36)
Urban	Urban	1.0	1.0	1.0
	Rural	1.28 (1.06-1.54)	1.47 (1.2-1.78)	1.28 (1.05-1.56)
Car ownership	No	1.0	1.0	1.0
	Yes	0.52 (0.42-0.65)	0.55 (0.44-0.68)	0.64 (0.51-0.82)
Second house	No	1.0	1.0	1.0
	Yes	0.71 (0.43-1.17)	0.82 (0.50-1.35)	1.06 (0.64-1.77)
Computer	No	1.0	1.0	1.0
	Yes	0.64 (0.51-0.80)	0.71 (0.56-0.90)	0.81 (0.63-1.04)

Model 1: adjusted for age, sex and region; Model 2: additionally adjusted for income and education; Model 3: adjusted for all variables in the table.