. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Aug 14.

Published in final edited form as: J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2013 Oct;56(5):1662–1676. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2013/12-0119)

Table 7B.

Correlation of covariates with language outcomes: Current caregiver and child characteristics.

Test	Current caregiver characteristics								Child characteristic
	Current caregiver education		Home score		Current caregiver Block Design		Current marijuana exposure		IQ
	r	p	r	p	r	p	r	p	r	p
CTOPP Composite Scores
Phonological Awareness	.16	.002^*	.14	.007^*	.21	<.0001^*	−.06	.26	.58	<.001^*
Elision	.17	.001^*	.13	.02^*	.15	.005^*	−.01	.83	.57	<.0001^*
Blending Words	.10	.07	.11	.03^*	.22	<.0001^*	−.10	.05^*	.40	<.0001^*
Phonological Memory	.03	.62	.09	.08	.04	.41	−.07	.19	.44	<.0001^*
Memory for Digits	−.02	.64	.06	.29	.02	.77	−.07	.22	.36	<.0001^*
Nonword Repetition	.10	.07	.11	.03^*	.07	.18	−.05	.36	.37	<.0001^*
Rapid Naming	.02	.76	.02	.73	.01	.81	.16	.002^*	.35	<.0001^*
Rapid Digit Naming	.006	.91	.03	.58	−.02	.77	.14	.008^*	.33	<.0001^*
Rapid Letter Naming	.02	.66	.007	.89	.03	.55	.16	.002^*	.34	<.0001^*
TOLD–I:3 Composite Quotients
Sentence Combining	.11	.03^*	.19	.0003^*	.13	.02^*	.02	.68	.62	<.0001^*
Picture Vocabulary	.18	.0005^*	.20	.0001^*	.21	<.0001^*	−.01	.85	.60	<.0001^*
Word Ordering	.12	.02^*	.18	.0006^*	.17	.002^*	.04	.48	.62	<.0001^*
Identifying Generals	.19	.0002^*	.17	.002^*	.23	<.0001^*	−.005	.93	.65	<.0001^*
Grammatical Comprehension	.23	<.0001^*	.13	.01^*	.19	.0003^*	−.06	.29	.45	<.0001^*
Identifying Malapropisms	.15	.005^*	.21	<.0001^*	.14	.01^*	.01	.84	.51	<.0001^*

p ≤ .05.