Table 1.
Patients characteristics by presence versus absence of the metabolic syndrome
| Metabolic Syndrome N = 131 |
No Metabolic Syndrome N = 32 |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 55.9 ± 10.4 | 52.2 ± 11.9 | 0.13 |
| Female gender (%) | 46 | 34 | 0.32 |
| Non-white race (%) | 25 | 22 | 0.82 |
| High school education (%) | 87 | 97 | 0.20 |
| Physical Activity Level | 1.35 ± 0.25 | 1.38 ± 0.17 | 0.07 |
| CES-D Depression score | 11.9 ± 8.7 | 11.6 ± 7.2 | 0.81 |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 5 (0.6 – 10.0) | 3 (0.46 – 8.5) | 0.24 |
| Baseline HbA1c (%) | 6.70 ± 0.65 | 6.73 ± 0.82 | 0.72 |
| Oral Hypoglycemic use (%) | 70 | 81 | 0.27 |
| Insulin use (%) | 60 | 28 | 0.001 |
| † Waist circumference (in.) | 44.1 ± 4.9 | 38.0 ± 6.2 | <0.001 |
| † BMI (kg/m2) | 35.3 ± 6.5 | 29.0 ± 6.1 | <0.001 |
| † HDL (mg/dL) | 40.8 ± 10.1 | 50.3 ± 12.7 | <0.001 |
| † Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 195 (138 – 256) | 108 (87 – 137) | <0.001 |
| † Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 126.4 ± 16.3 | 124.0 ± 13.0 | 0.32 |
| † Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 72.6 ± 11.0 | 72.6 ± 10.2 | 0.95 |
| † Hypertension (%) | 79 | 22 | <0.001 |
| † Metabolic Syndrome Score‡ | 3.96 ± 0.79 | 1.69 ± 0.47 | <0.001 |
Data are expressed as means ± SD or medians (interquartile range) or percentages. P values obtained using Fisher’s Exact test for categorical variables and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests for continuous variables.
†
Variables used to define metabolic syndrome or variables known to be highly correlated with defining variables.
‡
Number of components (1–5) of metabolic syndrome present.