Table 4.
Univariate analysis of intraoperative risk factors for surgical site infection (SSI) among patients who underwent caesarean sections
| |
Surgical site infection (SSI) |
|
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predictive factors | Yes n (%) | No n (%) | HR (95% CI) | p - value |
| Wound class |
|
|
|
|
| Clean or clean-contaminated |
12 (5.9) |
190 (94.1) |
1.0 |
|
| Contaminated or dirty |
22 (15.4) |
121 (84.6) |
2.7 (1.4-5.5) |
0.005 |
| Type of anaesthesia used |
|
|
|
|
| Regional |
32 (9.7) |
298 (90.30 |
1.0 |
|
| General |
2 (13.3) |
13 (86.7) |
1.5 (0.4-6.5) |
0.551 |
| Type of skin incision |
|
|
|
|
| Transverse |
3 (3.5) |
83 (96.5) |
1.0 |
|
| Vertical |
31 (12.0) |
228 (88.0) |
3.6 (1.1-11.8) |
0.034 |
| Duration of procedure in mins |
|
|
|
|
| ≤60 |
24 (8.3) |
265 (91.7) |
1.0 |
|
| >60 |
10 (17.9) |
46 (82.1) |
2.4 (1.1-5.0) |
0.020 |
| Type of surgeon |
|
|
|
|
| Senior* |
26 (8.4) |
282 (91.6) |
1.0 |
|
| Junior** |
8 (21.6) |
29 (78.4) |
2.8 (1.3-6.1) |
0.012 |
| Number of people in theatre |
|
|
|
|
| ≤5 |
8 (13.8) |
50 (86.2) |
1.0 |
|
| >5 |
26 (9.1) |
260 (90.9) |
0.7 (0.3- 1.4) |
0.289 |
| Estimated blood loss in mls |
|
|
|
|
| ≤500 |
25 (9.3) |
245 (90.7) |
1.0 |
|
| >500 |
9 (12.0) |
66 (88.0) |
1.4 (0.6-2.9) |
0.436 |
| Antibiotic used |
|
|
|
|
| Non-ampicillin regimen |
14 (8.2) |
156 (91.8) |
1.0 |
|
| Ampicillin regimen |
20 (11.5) |
154 (88.5) |
1.4 (0.7- 2.8) |
0.304 |
| Duration of antibiotic course |
|
|
|
|
| Single dose |
7 (8.5) |
75 (91.5) |
0.8 (0.4-1.8) |
0.608 |
| Multiple doses | 27 (10.3) | 235 (89.7) | 1.0 | |
Abbreviations: HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval.
*Senior doctor included postgraduate student, registered medical doctor and specialist.
**Junior surgeon defined an intern doctor.