TABLE 4. Mortality Studies: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
| Exposure | Outcome | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study | Obs Years | Entity | Scale | Deaths | Entity | Scale | SMR for the Total Cohort |
| Rønneberg19 | 24,996 | Potroom | Yes vs no | Total = 20* | SMR | — | 197 (P < 0.05) |
| Romundstad et al20 | 239,246 | Cum F-exp | mg/m3× yr | Total = 112 | MRR | P trend < 0.001 | 121 (101–146) |
| 0 | 20 | 1 | |||||
| 0.1–7.4 vs 0 | 24 | 1.3 (0.7–2.4) | |||||
| 7.5–19.9 vs 0 | 32 | 1.9 (1.1–3.4) | |||||
| ≥20 | 36 | 2.5 (1.5–4.3) | |||||
| Gibbs et al21 | 214,023 | BSM | mg/m3× yr | Total = 321 | SMR | P trend < 0.001 | 151 (135–168) |
| 0 | 21 | 82 (51–125) | |||||
| 0.1–1.0 | 86 | 126 (101–156) | |||||
| 2.0–3.9 | 36 | 128 (90–177) | |||||
| 4.0–7.9 | 41 | 174 (125–236) | |||||
| 8.0–15.9 | 51 | 197 (141–259) | |||||
| 16.0–31.9 | 69 | 217 (169–274) | |||||
| ≥32.0 | 17 | 175 (102–280) | |||||
| Desjardins et al24 | 172,799 | Cum B(a)P | μg/m3× yr | Total = 44 | SMR | P trend > 0.2 | 146 (106–196) |
| 0 | 4 | 150 (41–384) | |||||
| 0.1–20.0 | 18 | 134 (80–213) | |||||
| 20.1–40.0 | 6 | 176 (57–411) | |||||
| 40.1–80.0 | 4 | 131 (36–336) | |||||
| 80.1–160.0 | 10 | 217 (104–399) | |||||
| 160.1–320.0 | 3 | 118 (24 (344) | |||||
| >320.0 | 0 | 0 (0–382) | |||||
| Friesen et al23 | 150,750 | Cum B(a)P | μg/m3× yr | Total = 28 | HR | P trend = 0.78 | 64 (42–94) |
| T2 vs T1 | 8 | 1.58 (0.63–3.93) | |||||
| T3 vs T1 | 8 | 1.21 (0.47–3.13) | |||||
*Underlying cause of death.
BSM, benzene-soluble matter; Cum B[a]P, cumulative Benso[a]pyrene; Cum F-exp, cumulative exposure to fluorides; HR, hazard ratio; MRR, mortality rate ratio; Obs years, observation years; SMR, standardized mortality rate (per 100,000 years); T1, 0 to 9.77 μg/m3 × year; T2, 9.78 to 36.8 μg/m3 × year; T3, more than 36.8 μg/m3 × year.