Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies
|
Author and publication year |
Study design |
Sample size (n) |
Age (years) |
Administration mode |
Follow-up period |
Ascertainment of asthma |
Outcomes |
Endpoint measure |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Specific | Combined | ||||||||
| Wells et al., 2012
[22] |
RC |
1,828 |
12-56 |
Single inhaler |
*2.1(2.0) years |
Asthma treatment |
------- |
1- Asthma-related hospitalization OR asthma-related ED visit OR Systemic Corticosteroid use |
aHR |
| Jacobs et al., 2012
[23] |
C-C |
181 |
4-18 |
Not stated |
NA |
Clinical diagnosis |
1- ICU admission |
------- |
aOR OR |
| 2- Deaths | |||||||||
| 3- Intubation | |||||||||
| 4- Positive air pressure use | |||||||||
| Stanford et al., 2012
[24] |
RC |
10,837 |
65-79 |
Single inhaler |
12 months |
Claims for asthma |
1- Asthma-related hospitalization |
1- Asthma-related hospitalization OR asthma-related ED visits |
aHR |
| 2- Asthma-related ED visits | |||||||||
| 3- Systemic Corticosteroid use | |||||||||
| Guo et al., 2011
[21] |
RC |
514,216 |
0-40 |
Single & Separate inhalers |
- |
Claims for asthma |
------- |
1- Asthma-related hospitalization OR asthma-related ED visits OR Asthma-related intubations |
aHR |
| Stanford et al., 2010
[25] |
RC |
50,428 |
> 4 |
Single inhaler |
*290.4 (102.8) days |
Claims for asthma |
1- Asthma-related hospitalization |
1- Asthma-related hospitalization OR asthma-related ED visits |
aHR |
| 2- Asthma-related ED visits | |||||||||
| Hagiwara et al., 2010
[26] |
RC |
894 |
12-64 |
Single inhaler |
3-12 months |
Claims for asthma |
1-Asthma-related hospitalization |
1- Hospitalization OR ED visits |
aOR |
| 2-Asthma-related ED visits |
2- Hospitalization OR ED visits OR Systemic Corticosteroid use |
||||||||
| 3-Use of SABAs | |||||||||
| Delea et al., 2010
[27] |
RC |
1,744 |
> 12 |
Single inhaler |
3-12 months |
Claims for asthma |
1- ED visits |
1- ED visits OR Hospitalization |
aOR |
| 2- ED visits OR hospitalization OR Systemic Corticosteroid use | |||||||||
| de Vries et al., 2010
[28] |
RC |
467,639 |
>18 |
Not stated |
5 years |
Claims for asthma |
1- All mortality; |
------- |
aRR |
| 2- Asthma-related mortality | |||||||||
| 3-Asthma-related hospitalization | |||||||||
| 4-GP visits for exacerbation | |||||||||
| Lee et al., 2010
[29] |
RC |
28,074 |
18-56 |
Single & Separate inhalers |
12 months |
Claims for asthma |
1- Asthma-related hospitalization |
------- |
OR |
| 2-Asthma-related ED visits | |||||||||
| 3-Systemic Corticosteroid use | |||||||||
| 4- SABAs use | |||||||||
| Thomas et al., 2009
[30] |
RC |
64,348 |
10-58 |
Single & Separate inhalers |
12 months |
Claims for asthma and asthma treatment |
1- Respiratory Hospitalization |
1- Asthma-related hospitalization OR asthma-related ED visits OR > 2 prescription of Systemic Corticosteroid uses OR SABA prescription |
aOR |
| 2- Systemic Corticosteroid use | |||||||||
| 3- SABAs use | |||||||||
| Stanford et al., 2008
[31] |
RC |
58,270 |
> 12 |
Single inhaler |
12 months |
Claim for asthma |
1-Asthma-related Hospitalization |
1- Asthma-related ED visits OR asthma-related Hospitalization |
aOR |
| 2- Asthma-related ED visits |
aHR |
||||||||
| Campbell et al., 2008
[32] |
PC |
684 |
> 18 |
Single inhaler |
24 months |
Severe asthma |
------- |
1- Asthma-related hospitalization OR asthma-related ED visit OR Systemic Corticosteroid use |
aOR OR |
| Colice et al., 2008
[33] |
RC |
1,283 |
6-64 |
Not stated |
12 months |
Claims for asthma |
1- Asthma-related hospitalization |
------- |
OR |
| 2- Asthma-related ED visits | |||||||||
| Delea et al., 2008
[34] |
RC |
2,269 |
> 5 |
Single & Separate inhalers |
12 months |
Claims for asthma |
1- Asthma-related hospitalization |
1- Asthma-related hospitalization OR ED visits OR Systemic Corticosteroid use OR alternative study medication |
aOR |
| 2- Asthma-related ED visits |
2- Asthma-related hospitalizations OR ED visits OR oral corticosteroid |
||||||||
| 3- Oral corticosteroids use |
3- Asthma-related hospitalization OR ED visits hospitalization |
||||||||
| Friedman et al., 2007
[35] |
RC |
5,503 |
12-65 |
Single inhaler |
12 months |
Claims for asthma |
1-Asthma-related hospitalization |
------- |
aOR |
| 2-Asthma-related ED visits | |||||||||
| 3- Any ED visits | |||||||||
| Zhang et al., 2007
[36] |
RC |
2,596 |
15-55 |
Single & Separate inhalers |
12 months |
Claims for asthma |
1- Oral corticosteroid use |
1- Asthma-related hospitalization OR asthma-related ED visits |
OR |
| 2- SABA use | |||||||||
| Stempel et al., 2006
[37] |
RC |
9,192 |
4-17 |
Single inhaler |
12 months |
Claims for asthma |
1- SABA use |
1- Asthma-related hospitalization OR asthma-related ED visit |
aRR |
| 2-Corticosteroids use | |||||||||
| O’Connor et al., 2005
[38] |
RC |
2,414 |
> 15 |
Single & Separate inhalers |
12 months |
Claims for asthma |
------- |
1- Asthma-related hospitalization OR ED visits |
aOR aHR |
| Nguyen et al., 2005
[20] |
B-A |
50 |
4-17 |
Single inhaler |
12 months |
Enrolled patients |
1- Asthma-related hospitalization |
------- |
aRR |
| 2- Asthma-related ED visits | |||||||||
RC: Retrospective Cohort; C-C: Case-control study; PC: Prospective cohort; B-A: Before-after study; * = Mean (SD); SABA = Short- Acting Beta-Agonist; ED = Emergency Department; HR = Hazard Ratio; OR = Odds Ratio; aHR = Adjusted HR; aOR = Adjusted OR.