Table 2.
Mechanical properties of the main ligaments for the finite element model
| Deflection (mm) |
Force (
N
) |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Anterior longitudinal |
Posterior longitudinal |
Spinous |
Ligamentum flavum |
Capsular |
||||||
| C3-C7 | C5-C7 | C3-C5 | C5-C7 | C3-C5 | C5-C7 | C3-C5 | C5-C7 | C3-C5 | C5-C7 | |
| 0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
| 1 |
28.0 |
20.0 |
25.0 |
20.0 |
7.0 |
8.0 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| 2 |
52.0 |
40.0 |
44.0 |
40.0 |
12.5 |
14.0 |
38.0 |
30.0 |
55.0 |
75.0 |
| 3 |
72.0 |
58.0 |
62.0 |
60.0 |
18.0 |
20.0 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| 4 |
89.0 |
78.0 |
78.0 |
78.0 |
22.5 |
25.0 |
60.0 |
68.0 |
130.0 |
145.0 |
| 5 |
102.0 |
98.0 |
89.0 |
92.0 |
26.0 |
29.0 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| 6 |
115.0 |
112.0 |
— |
— |
30.0 |
32.5 |
80.0 |
102.0 |
180.0 |
204.0 |
| 7 |
— |
— |
32.5 |
35.0 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| 8 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
108.0 |
130.0 |
210.0 |
250.0 |
| 9 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| 10 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 230.0 | 265.0 |