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. 2014 Aug 14;5:388. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00388

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Copyright © 2014 Toh, Gan, Balakrishnan, Zuest, Poidinger, Wilson, Appanna, Thein, Ong, Ng, Leo and Fink.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Systemic mobilization of naïve and memory B cell both during primary and secondary infection. (A) PBMCs from patients in the second cohort (Table 2) collected 4–7 days and 4 months after fever onset were stained for flow-cytometry analysis. Cells in the graphs were gated on live and CD14-negative cells. CD38 and CD27 expression on CD19^+/low cells was then used to differentiate between memory B cells (MBC), naïve B cells, and plasmablasts (PB). Graphs from one representative patient are shown. (B) Quantification of the cell subsets illustrated in (A). (C) Data in (B) were separated into patient groups experiencing a primary or secondary infection. (D) Correlation between PB numbers detected at v1 and UV-DENV ELISA OD ratio (OD₄₅₀/OD_pos.control) measured at v1 and v2. (B–D) Each dot represents one patient; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001 (Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test).