Figure 1.

Effects of Vit C on viability, apoptosis, and intracellular ROS of ARPE-19 cells induced by H₂O₂. ARPE-19 cells were incubated for 24 h with 0 μM, 20 μM, 100 μM, or 500 μM of Vit C and then exposed to 100 μM of H₂O₂ for 12 h or 24 h. Viability, apoptosis, and intracellular ROS were measured by using MTT assays, TUNEL assays, and DCFH-DA, respectively, as shown in Section 2. Normal ARPE-19 cells which did not undergo treatment were expressed as “control.” Data were expressed as a percentage of cell survival (a), apoptosis (b), and relative fluorescence intensity (c). Bars represented mean ± SD of three independent experiments. ANOVA was performed to analyze the differences statistically. Statistical significance was expressed as *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01.