Table 1.

Actions of dapagliflozin with potential to directly or indirectly protect the kidney in diabetes.

Indirect effects	Direct effects
Improved glycaemic control	Prevent hyperfiltration
Reduced insulin levels	Renin angiotensin system (?)
Improved insulin sensitivity	Prevent tubular hypertrophy
Weight loss	Reduced tubular toxicity of glucose
Reduced blood pressure	Reduced nephrolithiasis?
Reduced uric acid