Figure 4.

Sexual characteristics of marine copepods by family: (a) adult male to female sex ratios, open circles give individual study means, and filled circles family means (adapted from Hirst & Kiørboe [18]). (b) Adult female to male length ratios, free-living families and associated families indicated. (c) Adult female to male length ratios in the parasitic families. Note scale change between panels (b) and (c). Means (±95% CI) (in (b,c)) are only shown, where n ≥ 3. The symbols +, − and o indicate whether female to male size ratios are significantly greater, less than or not significantly different from 1, respectively.