FIGURE 7.

A proposed working model for the anti-inflammatory action of metformin in murine macrophages. Metformin induces ATF-3 expression via AMPK activation, resulting in protection against LPS-induced inflammatory responses.

A proposed working model for the anti-inflammatory action of metformin in murine macrophages. Metformin induces ATF-3 expression via AMPK activation, resulting in protection against LPS-induced inflammatory responses.