Table 2.
Characteristics and stool microscopic examination findings among individuals of TS gastroenteritis with diarrhea patients negative for TS in urban Dhaka (2000–2012)
| Characteristic | TS n = 77 (%) | Diarrhea patients negative for TS n = 231 (%) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) p value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male sex | 43 (56) | 129 (56) | 1.00 (0.58, 1.74) 0.8 | - |
| Age stratum | - | |||
| 0-14 years | 39 (51) | 117 (51) | 1.00 (0.58, 1.73) 0.8 | - |
| 15 years and above | 38 (49) | 114 (49) | - | - |
| Maternal illiteracy | 21/39 (54) | 35/117 (30) | 2.73 (1.22, 6.15) 0.012 | - |
| Paternal illiteracy | 19/39 (49) | 40/117 (34) | 1.83 (0.82, 4.07) 0.1 | - |
| Poor socio-economic status (median monthly family income < US$115) | 46 (60) | 119 (52) | 1.40 (0.80, 2.44) 0.2 | - |
| Use of non-sanitary toilet | 23 (30) | 0 (0) | - | - |
| H/o abdominal pain | 35 (46) | 100 (43) | 1.09 (0.63, 1.89) 0.8 | - |
| H/o vomiting in the last 24 hours | 63 (82) | 164 (71) | 1.84 (0.93, 3.70) 0.085 | - |
| Fever (Temperature ≥37.8°C) | 13 (17) | 9 (4) | 5.01 (1.90, 13.41) <0.001 | 5.86 (2.16, 15.94) 0.001 |
| Watery stool (lack of mucus/blood) | 74 (96) | 219 (95) | 1.35 (0.34, 6.21) 0.7 | - |
| Dehydration (moderate/severe) | 52 (68) | 149 (65) | 1.14 (0.64, 2.06) 0.7 | - |
| Duration of diarrhea (>1 day) | 50 (65) | 105 (46) | 2.22 (1.26, 3.93) 0.004 | 1.27 (0.66, 2.46) 0.5 |
| Hospital stay of ≥24 hours | 31 (40) | 84 (36) | 1.18 (0.67, 2.07) 0.6 | - |
| Use of IV rehydration | 19 (25) | 92 (40) | 0.49 (0.27, 0.92) 0.023 | 0.72 (0.36, 1.46) 0.368 |
| Use of antimicrobial at home | 58 (75) | 85 (37) | 5.24 (2.82, 9.81) <0.001 | 5.08 (2.60, 9.90) <0.001 |
| Wasting (<5 years) | 13/30 (43) | 22/103 (21) | 2.82 (1.09, 7.27) 0.030 | - |
| Stunting (<5 years) | 16/30 (53) | 26/103 (25) | 3.16 (1.27, 7.90) 0.011 | - |
| Underweight (<5 years) | 21/30 (70) | 34/103 (33) | 4.74 (1.82, 12.62) 0.006 | - |
| Fecal red blood cell/hpf (1 to >50) | 33 (43) | 67 (29) | 1.84 (1.04, 3.24) 0.035 | 2.53 (1.38, 4.64) 0.003 |
| Fecal leukocytes/hpf (11 to >50) | 37 (48) | 96 (42) | 1.30 (0.75, 2.26) 0.3 | - |
| Fecal macrophage/hpf (1 to 10) | 22 (29) | 45 (20) | 1.65 (0.88, 3.11) 0.1 | - |