Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients enrolled in the study
| Total | ALI (n = 27) | Non-ALI (n = 50) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex male n (%) |
55(71.4) |
17(63.0) |
38(76.0) |
0.27C |
| Age (months) |
9.1 ± 6.8 |
5.8 ± 4.5 |
10.9 ± 7.2 |
0.001a |
| Age distribution |
|
|
|
0.03C |
| 0-1 year old |
54 |
23(42.6) |
31(57.4) |
|
| 1-2 years old |
19 |
4(21.1) |
15(78.9) |
|
| 2-3 years old |
4 |
0(0) |
4(100) |
|
| Weight (kg) |
7.3 ± 2.2 |
6.0 ± 1.8 |
8.0 ± 2.1 |
0.001a |
| RACHS-1 |
|
|
|
0.37C |
| 1 |
10 |
3 |
7 |
|
| 2 |
63 |
21 |
42 |
|
| ≥3 |
4 |
3 |
1 |
|
| CPB time (min) |
69.4 ± 23.3 |
74.6 ± 22.1 |
66.7 ± 23.7 |
0.23a |
| Aortic cross clamp time (min) |
50.1 ± 19.6 |
46.5 ± 17.7 |
44.2 ± 20.7 |
0.68a |
| Nadir HCT during CPB (%) |
25.3 ± 2.7 |
25.2 ± 2.3 |
25.2 ± 3.0 |
0.98a |
| Positive fluid balance after CPB (%) |
55(71.4) |
24(88.9) |
31(62.0) |
0.03C |
| Need for transfusion within 24 hours after CPB (%) |
6(7.8) |
2(7.4) |
4(8.0) |
0.93C |
| Nosocomial pneumonias (%) |
15(19.5) |
6(22.2) |
9(18.0) |
0.58C |
| CPAP (%) |
10(13.0) |
9(33.3) |
4(8.0) |
0.04C |
| EF (%) |
3(3.9) |
3(11.1) |
0(0) |
0.12C |
| MV time (hour) |
24(3 ~ 446) |
26(4 ~ 446) |
6.5(3 ~ 189) |
0.001b |
| SICU stay (day) |
5(2 ~ 34) |
9.2 ± 6.6 |
4(2 ~ 34) |
0.001b |
| Hospital stay (day) |
23.4 ± 10.0 |
26.1 ± 11.0 |
21.9 ± 9.2 |
0.15a |
| Hospital death (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.77C |
Continuous variables were expressed as the mean ± SD or median (interquartile range) if appropriated. Categorical variable were expressed as number of patients (%).
a: Student’s t-test; b: Mann–Whitney U-test; C: χ2 test.
RACHS-1 = Risk Adjusted Classification for Congenital Heart Surgery; ALI = acute lung injury; CPB = cardiopulmonary bypass; MV = mechanical ventilation; CPAP = Continuous positive airway pressure; EF = Extubation failure; SICU = surgery intensive care unit; UVR = ultrafiltered volume removal.