Table 1.
Summary of conventional rehabilitation therapies with an emphasis on sensory inputs and outcomes
| Treatment | Sensory inputs | Rationale | Sensory outcome | Result1 |
| Bobath | Visual, verbal and tactile | Neurophysiology concept (emphasis on selective movement and postural control by key points of the body, with problem-solving training) | None | UL (-), LL (-) |
| Brunnstrom | Visual and cutaneous | Neurophysiology (an ordered, predictable, stepwise progression from initial flaccidity to stereotypical synergy and then to normal patterns of voluntary movements) | None | NA |
| PNF | Visual, tactile, verbal and proprioceptive | Neurophysiology concept (through the stimulation or relaxation of muscle groups combined with various sensory inputs in response to specific movement patterns to promote functional movement) | None | NA |
| Motor relearning | Visual, tactile and auditory | Neuropsychology (Active practice of context-specific motor task with well-designed motor and sensory components ) | None | NA [UL (-) and LL (-) motor control with 3 RCTs] |
1
Obtained from meta-analyses or systematic reviews. PNF: Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation; -: Not better than the control group; LL: Lower limb; UL: Upper limb; NA: Not available; RCT: Randomized clinical trial.