| Malignancy in the last 2 years except for cutaneous squamous and basal cell tumors, 5-year disease-free interval is prudent |
| Dysfunction of another major organ system (heart, liver, or kidney) that is not amenable to treatment |
| Noncurable xtrapulmonary infection (active viral hepatitis B, hepatitis C, human immunodeficiency virus) |
| Significant chest wall/spinal deformity |
| Nonadherence and/or inability to follow through with medical therapy or office follow-up |
| Untreatable psychiatric or psychologic condition(s) associated with the inability to cooperate or comply with medical therapy |
| Lack of dependable social support system |
| Substance addiction (alcohol, tobacco, or narcotics) within the last 6 months |
