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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2014 Sep 1;67(0 1):S40–S53. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000257

Figure. Determinants of Non-Communicable Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Diseases in HIV+ Individuals.

Figure

Illustration of the many potential factors related to chronic non-communicable cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases in HIV+ individuals. The HIV virus, antiretroviral therapy, host factors (immune system, metabolic derangements, nutrition, vascular endothelial dysfunction or genetics), occupational/environmental exposures and infections influence the development and progression of a variety of chronic cardiopulmonary conditions. Figure by NIH Medical Arts/Kibiuk.