. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Aug 15.

Published in final edited form as: J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2009 Nov;37(8):1151–1163. doi: 10.1007/s10802-009-9332-2

Table 3.

Summary of Hierarchical Regression Analysis for Mothers’ Early Negative Parenting Predicting Child Externalizing Behavior

Variables	β	R²	ΔR²	ΔF	F
1. Child Gender	−0.05	0.22	0.22	11.07^***
SES	−0.01
Child Externalizing (T1)	0.37^***
2. Negative Parenting (T1)	0.19^*	0.25	0.04	6.12^*
3. Child Externalizing x Negative Parenting (T1)	0.18^*	0.28	0.03	4.66^*
Model					9.32^***

Betas are standardized betas from the final step

p<0.05;

^***

p<0.001