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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Blood Rev. 2013 Sep 2;27(6):261–267. doi: 10.1016/j.blre.2013.08.002

Figure 2. DKK1 is involved in the mechanisms of MBD.

Figure 2

PCM cells inhibit osteoblasts differentiation by deregulating the WNT signaling pathway via the secretion of inhibitory cytokines DKK1. DKK1 appears to actively participate in the regulation of MBD by inhibiting osteoblasts and activating osteoclasts, which are potentially involved in myeloma-induced inhibition of osteoblast formation and differentiation.