ATP release from astrocytes of panx1−/− mice. (A) Baseline levels of ATP surrounding astrocytes were much lower with cells from panx1−/− mice than wild type although both were raised by 100µM β,γ-mATP (Inh). Baseline levels were much lower in astrocytes from panx1−/− mice (n=5). (B). While hypotonicity raised the ATP surrounding astrocytes from both wild type and panx1−/− mice, the magnitude of ATP release from the panx1−/− cells was reduced (n=5). Experiments in (B) were performed in the presence of β,γ-mATP. In both panels, * = p<0.05 vs. WT control, # =p<0.05 vs. panx1−/− control, and ## = p<0.05 vs. WT hypo.