Table 1.

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) found in eukaryotic cells.

Name	Description	Length	Function	Ref.
rRNA	ribosomal RNA	121-5070 nt	organize structure of ribosomal subunits 60S and 30S; crucial for translation	[6]
tRNA	transfer  RNA	80 nt	transfer amino acids to a growing polypeptide chain during translation	[6]
esiRNA	endogenous small interfering RNA	21-22 nt	cleave mRNA	[7]
miRNA	microRNA	19-24 nt	prevent protein synthesis through RNA interference; catalyze gene modifications, including methylation, that modify gene transcription activity	[7, 8]
piRNA	Piwi-interacting RNA	26-31 nt	form RNA-protein complexes through interactions with  Piwi (P-element induced wimpy testis) proteins; silence transposons	[8, 9]
snoRNA	small nucleolar RNA	60-300 nt	modify RNAs, including methylation and pseudo-uridylation of rRNA and tRNA; can act in regulation of gene expression	[10]
lincRNA	long intergenic ncRNAs	> 200 nt	associate with chromatin-modifying complexes	[11]
other lncRNA	long ncRNAs	> 200 nt	regulate protein expression at the level of transcriptional or post-transcriptional processing and chromatin modification; involved in gene silencing; can act as enhancer RNAs	[4, 12]