Table 3.
Summary statistics for urinary biomarkers of acrylonitrile (CEMA), 4-aminobiphenyl (4-ABP), and the haemoglobin adducts CEVal and 4-ABP-Hb for each time point (day of visit) in smokers of a 7 mg ISO tar control product switched at the end of day 14 to a low acrylonitrile, 4-ABP cigarette prototype.
| Group | Day of visit | Supplied cigarettes | N | CPD | TNEQ (mg/24 h) | CEMA* (µg/24 h) | CEVal* (pmol/g Hb) | 4-ABP (ng/24 h) | 4-ABP-Hb (pg/g Hb) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prototype cig smokers | 13 | 7 mg ISO control | 67 | 18.5 ± 5.8a | 15.2 ± 7.3ab | 197 ± 124.0a | 114 ± 78.0a | 18.3 ± 8.8a | 63.8 ± 32.3a |
| 14 | 7 mg ISO control | 67 | 19.4 ± 6.6a | 13.7 ± 6.8a | 174 ± 116.9a | 114 ± 72.8a | 16.3 ± 7.8ab | 63.2 ± 34.9ab | |
| 46 | 7 mg ISO Prototype | 66 | 23.0 ± 8.9b | 19.5 ± 9.3d | 73 ± 54.8b | 96 ± 62.0ab | 15.7 ± 7.4bc | 53.3 ± 28.6bc | |
| 77 | 7 mg ISO Prototype | 63 | 22.0 ± 7.8b | 19.3 ± 8.3d | 76 ± 68.7b | 81 ± 58.2bc | 15.4 ± 7.2bc | 53.1 ± 31.7c | |
| 109 | 7 mg ISO Prototype | 60 | 23.6 ± 9.2b | 18.1 ± 9.3cd | 74 ± 61.0bc | 73 ± 55.9c | 15.3 ± 7.6bc | 61.9 ± 37.2ab | |
| 182 | 7 mg ISO Prototype | 58 | 22.3 ± 8.1b | 17.5 ± 8.1cd | 75 ± 66.0b | 71 ± 63.6c | 13.6 ± 6.8cd | 61.8 ± 42.6ab | |
| 183 | 7 mg ISO Prototype | 58 | 22.3 ± 9.3b | 16.6 ± 8.5bc | 62 ± 50.4c | 69 ± 60.1c | 12.4 ± 6.3d | 60.9 ± 39.1abc |
Number of participants (N), Cigarettes per day (CPD) and TNEQ are also shown. Differences between time points within each group were tested using the General Linear Model and are shown using Tukey grouping at 95% confidence. Means that do not share a letter are significantly different. Groupings marked with an * where based on an ANOVA test using the log transformed data because the data was not normally distributed and or was not homoscedastic. The number of participants (N) drops over time due to subjects withdrawing from the study.