. 2014 Jul 11;6(15):13209–13220. doi: 10.1021/am503043t

Table 2. Genes Analyzed for mRNA Expression Using qPCR, the Proteins They Encode for and Their Main Biological Function during Osteogenesis.

gene	protein name	main role during osteogenesis
BGLAP	osteocalcin	promoter of mineral nucleation^62,63
Runx2	runt-related transcription factor 2	mesenchymal precursor for cell differentiation into osteoblastic lineage^64,65
ALP	alkaline phosphatase	dephosphorylation enzyme and a byproduct of osteoblastic activity⁶⁶
Col I	procollagen type I	precursor of collagen type I, the main organic phase of boney tissues⁶⁷
BSP-1	osteopontin	mineral nucleation inhibitor and the functional antagonist of osteocalcin⁶⁸
TGFβ-1	transforming growth factor β-1	antagonist of bone morphogenetic proteins in the canonical Smad-dependent signaling pathways⁶⁹ and osseointegration stimulant⁷⁰
ACTB	β-actin	cytoskeletal microfilament regulating motility and structural integrity of the cell⁷¹