A, Representative images from MSCs stained for vimentin (positive control) and chemR23 revealing knock-down (KD) after ChemR23 siRNA treatment (left). Knockdown of ChemR23, but not GPR1, inhibited MSC migration in response to chemerin (100 ng/ml)(center) and CAM-CM (right). B, Concentration-dependent inhibition of MSC migration in response to chemerin by the ChemR23 antagonist CCX832 (left) but not the control compound CCX826 (1 µM) (center). MSC migration in response to CAM-CM was inhibited similarly by chemerin neutralising antibody, and CCX832, but not CCX826 (1 µM)(right). C, Representative Western blot shows increased phosphorylation of p42/44, p38 and JNK-II kinases in MSCs treated with chemerin (100 ng/ml)(left). In Boyden chamber assays, chemerin-stimulated MSC migration was inhibited by the JNK-II inhibitor, SP600125 (50 µM), the p42/44 inhibitor, UO126 (10 µM), p38 inhibitor SB202190 (3 µM), and the PKC inhibitor Ro320432 (2 µM) but not by PIK3 inhibitor LY294002 (50 µM) (right). Horizontal arrows, p<0.05, ANOVA (n = 3 in each case).