Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Hypertension. 2014 Jun 9;64(3):465–471. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.114.03565

Table 2.

Hazard ratios for cardiovascular events associated with cumulative number of healthy lifestyle factors in REGARDS study participants with apparent treatment resistant hypertension.

Number of Healthy Lifestyle Factors No. of events Person years at Risk Hazard Ratio (95% CI) for Cardiovascular Events
Unadjusted Model 1 Model 2
0-1 122 2,869.3 1 (ref) 1 (ref) 1 (ref)
2 128 3,093.5 0.98 (0.74–1.29) 0.87 (0.66–1.15) 0.91 (0.68–1.21)
3 71 2,001.2 0.84 (0.59–1.18) 0.69 (0.49–0.98) 0.80 (0.57–1.14)
4-6 39 1,316.8 0.70 (0.47–1.03) 0.54 (0.36–0.80) 0.63 (0.41–0.95)
P-trend=0.042 P-trend=0.001 P-trend=0.020

Healthy lifestyle factors: waist circumference < 102 cm in men and < 88 cm in women, physical activity ≥ 4 times/week, non-smoking, moderate alcohol consumption, highest quartile (4th) for DASH diet score, lowest (1st) quartile for Na/K intake ratio.

Model 1: Adjusted for age, race, sex, education, and geographic region of residence.

Model 2: Adjusted for covariates in model 1 plus total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2, albuminuria, atrial fibrillation, left ventricular hypertrophy, diabetes, statin use, history of coronary heart disease, and history of stroke.