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. 2014 Jun 17;111(4):680–688. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2014.333

Table 3. Results with regard to the variables included in LR1, LR2 and the Simple Rules in benign and malignant adnexal masses.

Variable Statistics Benign (1423, 59%) Malignant (980, 41%)
Variables in LR1 and LR2
Age (years) Median (IQR) 44 (33–56) 57 (46–66)
Largest diameter of lesion (mm) Median (IQR) 64 (47–90) 86 (56–126)
Solid components N (%) 472 (33%) 915 (93%)
Largest diameter of solid component if present (mm)
Median (IQR)
28 (13–54)
59 (37–87)
Colour score (1–4)
 Colour score 1 N (%) 574 (40) 32 (3)
 Colour score 2 N (%) 563 (40) 199 (20)
 Colour score 3 N (%) 239 (17) 442 (45)
 Colour score 4 N (%) 47 (3) 307 (31)
Ascites N (%) 18 (1%) 322 (33%)
Papillations with detectable blood flow N (%) 55 (4%) 160 (16%)
Irregular cyst walls N (%) 385 (27%) 572 (58%)
Acoustic shadows N (%) 265 (19%) 34 (3%)
Tender mass at ultrasound examination N (%) 233 (16%) 111 (11%)
Current use of hormonal therapy N (%) 153 (11%) 54 (6%)
Personal history of ovarian cancer N (%) 14 (1%) 30 (3%)
Solid tumour
N (%)
154 (11%)
473 (48%)
Variables in the simple rules
Benign ultrasound features in the simple rules
 Unilocular tumour (B1) N (%) 595 (42%) 5 (0.5%)
 Largest diameter of largest solid component <7 mm (B2) N (%) 40 (3%) 2 (0.2%)
 Acoustic shadows (B3) N (%) 265 (19%) 34 (3%)
 Smooth multilocular tumour with largest diameter <100 mm (B4) N (%) 224 (16%) 13 (1%)
 No intratumoural blood flow at colour or power Doppler (B5)
N (%)
574 (40%)
32 (3%)
Malignant ultrasound features in the simple rules
 Irregular solid tumour (M1) N (%) 16 (1%) 189 (19%)
 Ascites (M2) N (%) 18 (1%) 322 (33%)
 At least 4 papillary projections (M3) N (%) 27 (2%) 91 (9%)
 Irregular multilocular solid tumour with largest diameter ⩾100 mm (M4) N (%) 40 (3%) 153 (16%)
 Very strong intratumoural blood flow at colour or power Doppler (M5) N (%) 47 (3%) 307 (31%)

Abbreviations: IQR=interquartile range; LR1=logistic regression model 1; LR2=logistic regression model 2.