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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Atherosclerosis. 2014 Jul 15;236(1):188–195. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.07.001

Table 3.

Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals: highest versus lowest quintile of 6-year changes in common and internal carotid IMT according to quartiles of homocysteine (tHcy)

6-year Changes in Common CIMT (odds of
highest versus lowest quintile of change)* 		6-year Changes in Internal CIMT (odds of
highest versus lowest quintile of change)**
Homocysteine† Odds Ratio 95% CI p-value Odds Ratio 95% CI p-value
Model A P=0.74
(overall)		 P=0.11
(overall)
Lowest Quartile 1
(reference)		 1
(reference)
Quartile 2 1.01 0.46 2.20 0.99 1.73 0.80 3.76 0.16
Quartile 3 1.42 0.65 3.12 0.38 1.53 0.71 3.30 0.28
Quartile 4 1.33 0.64 2.76 0.45 2.59 1.20 5.56 0.015
Model B P=0.98
(overall)		 P=0.59
(overall)
Lowest Quartile 1
(reference)		 1
(reference)
Quartile 2 0.93 0.36 2.41 0.88 1.43 0.59 3.47 0.43
Quartile 3 1.11 0.42 2.92 0.83 0.88 0.35 2.22 0.78
Quartile 4 0.92 0.37 2.27 0.86 1.39 0.55 3.53 0.48
Model C P=0.96
(overall)		 P=0.54
(overall)
Lowest Quartile 1
(reference)		 1
(reference)
Quartile 2 1.11 0.41 3.02 0.83 1.39 0.56 3.48 0.48
Quartile 3 1.32 0.47 3.73 0.60 0.75 0.29 1.97 0.56
Quartile 4 1.08 0.41 2.81 0.88 1.19 0.45 3.15 0.73
Model D P=0.73
(overall)		 P=0.63
(overall)
Lowest Quartile 1
(reference)		 1
(reference)
Quartile 2 1.60 0.54 4.77 0.40 1.46 0.56 3.80 0.44
Quartile 3 1.42 0.48 4.24 0.53 0.79 0.30 2.14 0.65
Quartile 4 1.79 0.62 5.13 0.28 1.03 0.37 2.85 0.95

All models were adjusted for EDIC year 6 common or internal CIMT and all covariates were assessed at EDIC year 6 unless otherwise indicated. Model A: unadjusted; Model B: adjusted for age, gender, randomized therapy, obesity, IMT reader, diabetes duration, HbA1c (EDIC year 6 time-weighted average), LDL-, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, smoking status, alcohol consumption and multivitamin use (EDIC year 6); Model C: all factors in Model B + eGFR, AER, hypertension and ACE/ARB use (number of years of use for EDIC years 1-6); Model D: all factors in Model C + secondary intervention group (at randomization) and ETDRS scores.

†

The numerical cut points for quartiles of homocysteine were 2.7 – 5.05 μmol/L (n=149), 5.06 – 6.15 μmol/L (n=150), 6.16 – 7.46 μmol/L (n=147), and ≥ 7.47 μmol/L (n=153).

*

The numerical cut point values for the highest and lowest quintiles of common carotid IMT is 1.04 to 0.113 mm (n=120) and −0.412 to −0.0205mm (n=119).

**

The numerical cut point values for the highest and lowest quintiles of internal carotid IMT is 2.27 to 0.24mm (n=118) and −1.199 to −0.0467mm (n=116). Significant p values (<0.05) have been indicated in boldface.