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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Aug 18.
Published in final edited form as: Lancet. 2014 May 24;383(9931):1844–1859. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60659-0

Figure 1. Inherited kidney disorders linked to nephron segments.

Figure 1

Shows the segmental distribution of rare inherited diseases of the kidney (does not include cystic and developmental disorders). Urinalysis might point to the segmental origin of some kidney disorders. For example, glomerular diseases are usually characterised by albuminuria and dysmorphic red blood cells in urine; disorders of the proximal tubule by inappropriate urinary loss of low-molecular-weight proteins (eg, Clara Cell protein, β2-microglobulin, and vitamin D-binding protein), aminoacids, glucose, phosphate, uric acid, and calcium; disorders of the thick ascending limb by hypercalciuria and urinary concentrating defects; disorders of the distal convoluted tubule by inappropriate urinary loss of magnesium; and disorders of the collecting duct by inappropriate urinary concentration or dilution and defective potassium handling.