. 2014 Jul 30;26(7):969–975. doi: 10.1589/jpts.26.969

Table 2. Summary of included studies.

Study (Year)	Participants			Exercise intervention				Outcome scale	PEDro score
	Size	Age	Sex	Contents	Type	Frequency	Duration
	Size	(Average)	(% Female)	Contents	Type	(per a week)	(week)
Gür et al. (2002)	E1: 8	E1: 55	Not reported	E1: Concentric-eccentric exercise	E1: SE	3	8	NRS	5
	E2: 9	E2: 56		E2: Concentric exercise	E2: SE
	C: 9	C: 57

Salli et al. (2010)	E1: 25	E1: 55.7	E1: 83%	E1: Combined concentric-eccentric exercise	E1: SE	3	8	VAS	7
	E2: 25	E2: 57.1	E2: 83%	E2: Isometric exercise	E2: SE
	C: 25	C: 58.3	C: 79%

Lin et al. (2009)	E: 36	E: 61.6	E: 67%	Strength training in a non-weight-bearing position	SE	3	8	WOMAC	8
Lin et al. (2009)	C: 36	C: 62.2	C: 72%		SE	3	8	WOMAC	8

Jan et al. (2008)	E1: 34	E1: 68.3	E1: 79%	E1: Leg press machine, high-resistance exercise (60% of 1RM)	E1: SE	3	8	WOMAC	7
	E2: 34	E2: 61.8	E2: 79%	E2: Leg press machine, low-resistance exercise (10% of 1 RM)	E2: SE
	C: 34	C: 62.8	C: 83%

Lund et al. (2008)	E: 25	E: 68	E: 88%	Strengthening/endurance exercise, balance exercise and stretching exercise	SE	2	8	VAS	8
Lund et al. (2008)	C: 27	C: 70	C: 66%		SE	2	8	VAS	8

Schilke et al. (2006)	E: 10	E: 64.5	Not reported	Isokinetic strength testing was performed on a Cybex	SE	3	8	OASI	4
Schilke et al. (2006)	C: 10	C: 68.4	Not reported		SE	3	8	OASI	4

Quilty et al. (2003)	E: 43	E: 66.8	Not reported	Patella taping, 7 exercises, posture correction, and footwear advice	SE	9 sessions	10	VAS	8
Quilty et al. (2003)	C: 44	C: 66.7	Not reported		SE	/ 10 week	10	VAS	8

Ettinger et al. (1997)	E1: 146	E1: 68	E1: 73%	E1: Leg extension, leg curl, step up, chest fly, upright row, military press, biceps curl, and pelvic tilt	E1: SE	3	72	Original scale	6
	E2: 144	E2: 69	E2: 69%	E2: Walking	E2: AE
	C: 149	C: 69	C: 69%

Topp et al. (2002)	E1: 35	E1: 65.6	E1: 71%	E1: Resistance-training exercise performed using Thera-Band elastic bands	E1: SE	3	16	WOMAC	5
	E2: 32	E2: 63.5	E2: 66%	E2: Resistance-training exercise using standard isometric training techniques	E2: SE
	C: 35	C: 60.9	C: 80%

Lim et al. (2008)	E1: 26	E1: 67.2	E1: 50%	E1: Quadriceps strengthening exercise (for participants with more varus malalignment)	E1: SE	5	12	WOMAC	8
	E2: 26	E2: 64.1	E2: 63%	E2: Quadriceps strengthening exercise (for participants with more neutral alignment)	E2: SE
	C1: 27	C1: 66.6	C1: 46%
	C2: 28	C2: 60.8	C2: 61%

O’Reilly et al. (1999)	E: 78	E: 61.9	E: 64.8%	1) Isometric quadriceps contraction in full extension held for five seconds, 2) Isotonic quadriceps contraction held in mid flexion for five seconds, 3) Isotonic hamstring contraction, 4) Isotonic quadriceps contraction with resistance band held for five seconds, 5) Dynamic stepping exercise	SE	7	24	WOMAC	7
O’Reilly et al. (1999)	C: 113	C: 62.2	C: 68.1%		SE	7	24	WOMAC	7

Bennell et al. (2010)	E: 45	E: 64.5	E: 48.9%	Resistance-training exercise performed in side-lying and standing with ankle cuff weights or elastic bands	SE	5	12	VAS	8
Bennell et al. (2010)	C: 44	C: 64.6	C: 54.5%		SE	5	12	VAS	8

Kovar et al. (1992)	E: 52	E: 70.4	E: 77%	Walking and patient education	AE	3	8	AMS	5
Kovar et al. (1992)	C: 50	C: 68.5	C: 90%		AE	3	8	AMS	5

Brismee et al. (2006)	E: 22	E: 70.8	E: 86.4%	Tai chi training	AE	3	6	WOMAC	5
Brismee et al. (2006)	C: 19	C: 68.8	C: 78.9%		AE	3	6	WOMAC	5

Song et al. (2003)	E: 38	E: 64.8	E: 100%	Sun-style tai chi exercise	AE	3	12	K-WOMAC	5
Song et al. (2003)	C: 34	C: 62.5	C: 100%		AE	3	12	K-WOMAC	5

Bautch et al. (1997)	E: 17	E,C: 69	Not reported	Walking	AE	3	12	VAS	5
Bautch et al. (1997)	C: 17	E,C: 69	Not reported		AE	3	12	VAS	5

An et al. (2008)	E: 14	E: 65.4	E: 100%	Baduanjin	AE	5	8	WOMAC	4
An et al. (2008)	C: 14	C: 64.6	C: 100%		AE	5	8	WOMAC	4

SE: Strengthening exercise, AE: Aerobic exercise, E: Exercise group, C: Control group. Some studies had multiple exercise or control groups, their groups are shown as E1, E2, C1, or C2 in this Table.