Table 4.

Characteristics associated with OLD among HIV-infected participants only

Characteristic	Unadjusted OR (95% CI)	Adjusted OR (95% CI)*	p Value†
Age (per 10 years)	1.40 (0.87 to 2.23)	1.40 (0.84 to 2.36)	0.20
Black race	0.34 (0.12 to 0.97)	0.23 (0.07 to 0.73)	0.01
BMI category (kg/m2)
<21	Reference	Reference	0.30
21–27	0.68 (0.32 to 1.43)	0.68 (0.30 to 1.53)
>27	0.58 (0.25 to 1.37)	0.60 (0.24 to 1.53)
Heavy smoking‡	1.56 (0.73 to 3.31)	1.35 (0.60 to 3.06)	0.47
History of bacterial pneumonia	1.71 (0.89 to 3.28)	1.72 (0.85 to 3.49)	0.13
Antiretroviral use	0.78 (0.41 to 1.47)	0.60 (0.29 to 1.22)	0.16
VL ≥200 000 copies/ml vs VL <200 000 copies/ml	3.49 (1.28 to 9.48)	4.06 (1.41 to 11.7)	0.01

^*Adjusted for other variables in the table as well as current injection drug use and gender.

^†p Value for adjusted model.

^‡≥40 pack-years smoking vs <40 pack-years smoking.

BMI, body mass index; OLD, obstructive lung disease; VL, viral load.