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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Aug 6.
Published in final edited form as: Neuron. 2014 Aug 6;83(3):518–532. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2014.07.016

Figure 3. Upstream influences and downstream targets in autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Figure 3

Categorization of regions showing abnormalities in ASD brains according to whether they result in lasting ASD-like social deficits when injured neonatally (upstream), result in lasting ASD-like social deficits when injured in adulthood (downstream), or can be fully or partially compensated after an injury, regardless of age (compensatable).