Table 2.
Bronchoalveolar Fluid Cytokines, Chemokines, and Growth Factors as Related to the Diagnosis of Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome
| Protein | Concentration, per mg protein, median (IQR) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| BOS (−) | BOS (+) | ||
| C5a, pg | 2,562 (1,945–3,492) | 2,914 (2,302–3,433) | 0.588 |
| IL-1β, pg | 4 (0–14) | 11 (3–65) | 0.003 |
| IL-1RA, pg | 403 (189–1,007) | 582 (260–2,486) | 0.115 |
| IL-2, pg | 0 (0–6) | 0 (0–0) | 0.021 |
| IL-4, pg | 3 (1–6) | 2 (0–4) | 0.175 |
| IL-5, pg | 2 (0–4) | 2 (1–4) | 0.200 |
| IL-6, pg | 20 (9–39) | 22 (8–56) | 0.810 |
| IL-7, pg | 23 (9–50) | 7 (2–54) | 0.059 |
| IL-8, pg | 348 (154–1,267) | 1,085 (244–4,657) | 0.012 |
| IL-9, pg | 19 (7–43) | 11 (1–20) | 0.007 |
| IL-10, pg | 27 (9–72) | 16 (2–58) | 0.246 |
| IL-12, pg | 182 (64–346) | 147 (21–243) | 0.053 |
| IL-13, pg | 17 (7–37) | 13 (1–22) | 0.058 |
| IL-15, pg | 22 (4–43) | 11 (1–30) | 0.098 |
| IL-17, pg | 6 (0–30) | 11 (0–25) | 0.680 |
| Eotaxin, pg | 0 (0–80) | 34 (0–84) | 0.319 |
| bFGF, pg | 14 (0–47) | 26 (3–85) | 0.182 |
| G-CSF, pg | 202 (118–367) | 145 (51–247) | 0.042 |
| GM-CSF, pg | 370 (190–673) | 347 (132–803) | 0.633 |
| IFN-γ, pg | 101 (22–191) | 74 (18–111) | 0.228 |
| IP-10, pg | 5,583 (2,907–14,992) | 10,742 (6,253–22,682) | 0.003 |
| MCP-1, pg | 333 (176–764) | 211 (138–278) | 0.020 |
| MIP-1α, pg | 2 (0–6) | 1 (0–6) | 0.921 |
| MIP-1β, pg | 76 (44–136) | 81 (57–156) | 0.484 |
| PDGF, pg | 34 (3–83) | 48 (6–80) | 0.901 |
| RANTES, pg | 34 (0–92) | 60 (40–110) | 0.020 |
| TGF-β, pg | 200 (136–268) | 202 (136–253) | 0.780 |
| TNF-α, pg | 0 (0–12) | 2 (0–13) | 0.347 |
| VEGF, pg | 2,182 (931–3,901) | 2,128 (646–3,106) | 0.263 |
| MPO, U | 1,007 (674–1,892) | 1,171 (551–1,533) | 0.998 |
| A1AT, μg | 14 (9–26) | 13 (10–23) | 0.906 |
| NE, ng | 26 (0–602) | 802 (242–1,385) | <0.001 |
| A1AT/NE | 0.5 (0.0–14.1) | 0.0 (0.0–0.1) | <0.001 |
| Pepsin, ng | 2 (0–24) | 31 (0–105) | 0.001 |
A1AT, α1-antitrypsin; bFGF, basic fibroblast growth factor; BOS, bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome; G-CSF, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; GM-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; IP-10, interferon-γ–induced protein 10; IQR, interquartile range; MCP, monocyte chemotactic protein; MIP, macrophage inflammatory factor; MPO, myeloperoxidase; NE, neutrophil elastase; PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor; RANTES, regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted; TGF, transforming growth factor; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor.