FIGURE 2.

Evidence map of intervention studies that examined effects of fructose or sucrose on indexes of liver health. Open circles represent studies in adults without NAFLD, solid circles represent studies in adults with NAFLD, and a triangle represents a study in children with NAFLD. The size of each symbol (open circle, solid circle, or triangle) is proportional to the sample size (sample size in each study ranged from 7 to 64). See Table 3 for more-detailed characteristics of included studies represented here. DNL, de novo lipogenesis; HFCS, high-fructose corn syrup; IHCL, intrahepatocellular lipid; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; WM, weight maintenance; (Negative), negative energy comparison; (Neutral), neutral energy comparison; (Positive), positive energy comparison.