TABLE 3.
HRs (95% CIs) of all-cause and cause-specific mortality according to dietary pattern score in Chinese men and women1
| Type | Quintile 1 | Quintile 2 | Quintile 3 | Quintile 4 | Quintile 5 | P-trend |
| Vegetable-, fruit-, and soy-rich pattern | ||||||
| All cause | ||||||
| No. of deaths/PY | 2676/153,029 | 2233/158,657 | 1867/160,339 | 1719/160,892 | 1534/161,031 | — |
| HR (95% CI)2 | 1.00 | 0.86 (0.81, 0.91) | 0.75 (0.71, 0.80) | 0.75 (0.70, 0.80) | 0.69 (0.65, 0.74) | <0.0001 |
| HR (95% CI)3 | 1.00 | 0.90 (0.84, 0.94) | 0.79 (0.74, 0.84) | 0.80 (0.75, 0.85) | 0.75 (0.70, 0.80) | <0.0001 |
| Cancer | ||||||
| No. of deaths/PY | 973/153,029 | 874/158,657 | 732/160,339 | 698/160,892 | 625/161,031 | — |
| HR (95% CI)2 | 1.00 | 0.93 (0.84, 1.02) | 0.81 (0.73, 0.89) | 0.83 (0.75, 0.91) | 0.77 (0.70, 0.85) | <0.0001 |
| HR (95% CI)3 | 1.00 | 0.97 (0.89, 1.06) | 0.86 (0.78, 0.95) | 0.90 (0.81, 1.00) | 0.84 (0.75, 0.94) | 0.0009 |
| CVD | ||||||
| No. of deaths/PY | 869/153,029 | 706/158,657 | 563/160,339 | 524/160,892 | 435/161,031 | — |
| HR (95% CI)2 | 1.00 | 0.83 (0.75, 0.92) | 0.70 (0.63, 0.78) | 0.70 (0.63, 0.79) | 0.61 (0.54, 0.68) | <0.0001 |
| HR (95% CI)3 | 1.00 | 0.85 (0.77, 0.94) | 0.72 (0.64, 0.80) | 0.73 (0.65, 0.82) | 0.63 (0.56, 0.72) | <0.0001 |
| Respiratory | ||||||
| No. of deaths/PY | 489/153,029 | 338/158,657 | 308/160,339 | 266/160,892 | 235/161,031 | — |
| HR (95% CI)2 | 1.00 | 0.72 (0.62, 0.82) | 0.69 (0.60, 0.80) | 0.66 (0.57, 0.77) | 0.61 (0.52, 0.71) | <0.0001 |
| HR (95% CI)3 | 1.00 | 0.76 (0.66, 0.87) | 0.75 (0.65, 0.87) | 0.73 (0.62, 0.86) | 0.68 (0.58, 0.81) | <0.0001 |
| Dim sum– and meat-rich pattern | ||||||
| All cause | ||||||
| No. of deaths/PY | 2246/158,384 | 2076/159,536 | 1985/158,934 | 1917/158,629 | 1805/158,465 | — |
| HR (95% CI)2 | 1.00 | 1.00 (0.94, 1.06) | 1.04 (0.98, 1.10) | 1.08 (1.01, 1.15) | 1.11 (1.04, 1.19) | 0.0001 |
| HR (95% CI)3 | 1.00 | 0.98 (0.92, 1.04) | 1.01 (0.95, 1.08) | 1.06 (0.99, 1.13) | 1.14 (1.06, 1.23) | <0.0001 |
| Cancer | ||||||
| No. of deaths/PY | 829/158,384 | 771/159,536 | 757/158,934 | 793/158,629 | 752/158,465 | — |
| HR (95% CI)2 | 1.00 | 0.99 (0.90, 1.09) | 1.04 (0.94, 1.14) | 1.15 (1.04, 1.27) | 1.17 (1.06, 1.30) | 0.0001 |
| HR (95% CI)3 | 1.00 | 0.95 (0.86, 1.05) | 0.98 (0.89, 1.09) | 1.08 (0.97, 1.19) | 1.12 (0.99, 1.26) | 0.013 |
| CVD | ||||||
| No. of deaths/PY | 718/158,384 | 650/159,536 | 621/158,934 | 570/158,629 | 538/158,465 | — |
| HR (95% CI)2 | 1.00 | 1.00 (0.90, 1.11) | 1.05 (0.94, 1.17) | 1.05 (0.93, 1.17) | 1.09 (0.97, 1.23) | 0.09 |
| HR (95% CI)3 | 1.00 | 0.99 (0.89, 1.10) | 1.06 (0.95, 1.18) | 1.09 (0.97, 1.23) | 1.23 (1.07, 1.40) | 0.001 |
| Respiratory | ||||||
| No. of deaths/PY | 376/158,384 | 372/159,536 | 331/158,934 | 269/158,629 | 288/158,465 | — |
| HR (95% CI)2 | 1.00 | 1.08 (0.93, 1.24) | 1.06 (0.92, 1.23) | 0.95 (0.81, 1.11) | 1.15 (0.98, 1.35) | 0.28 |
| HR (95% CI)3 | 1.00 | 1.03 (0.89, 1.19) | 1.01 (0.87, 1.17) | 0.90 (0.76, 1.06) | 1.15 (0.95, 1.38) | 0.37 |
Definition of outcomes: CVD (International Classification of Diseases version 9 codes: 394–459; n = 2626), cancer (International Classification of Diseases version 9 codes: 140–239; n = 3279); respiratory (eg, influenza, pneumonia, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; International Classification of Diseases version 9 codes: 480–488 and 490–496; n = 1289). CVD, cardiovascular disease; PY, person-years follow-up.
Model 1 was adjusted for age, sex, dialect, education, and year of interview.
Model 2 was adjusted as for model 1 and for smoking, moderate and vigorous activity, sleep, BMI, history of hypertension (except for cancer), and energy intake.