Table 3.
Adjusted Odds Ratios with their 95% confidence limits reflecting associations between substance use, abuse/dependence and ADHD symptom counts (inattentive vs. hyperactive-impulsive) in a sample of 33,588 adults aged 18 years and older after controlling for age, sex, poverty, ethnicity, and a lifetime history of conduct disorder major depression, and any anxiety disorder.
| ADHD Inattentive Symptoms | ADHD Hyperactive-Impulsive Symptoms | |
|---|---|---|
| Alcohol Use | 0.99 (0.97-1.02) | 1.07* (1.05-1.10) |
| Nicotine Use | 1.02* (1.00-1.04) | 1.10* (1.08-1.12) |
| Cannabis Use | 1.04*a (1.02-1.06) | 1.06*a (1.04-1.08) |
| Cocaine Use | 1.03*a (1.00-1.07) | 1.05*a (1.02-1.09) |
| Sedative Use | 1.02 a (1.00-1.06) | 1.05*a (1.02-1.08) |
| Stimulant Use | 1.06*a (1.02-1.10) | 1.06*a (1.03-1.10) |
| Opiate Use | 1.05*a (1.02-1.08) | 1.07*a (1.04-1.11) |
| Alcohol Use Disorder | 1.01 (0.99-1.03) | 1.08*(1.06-1.11) |
| Nicotine Dependence | 1.02 (1.00-1.04) | 1.11*(1.09-1.13) |
| Cannabis Use Disorder | 1.05*a(1.02-1.08) | 1.08*a(1.05-1.10) |
| Cocaine Use Disorder | 1.03a (1.00-1.07) | 1.08*a(1.03-1.12) |
| Sedative Use Disorder | 0.99a (0.93-1.06) | 1.09*a(1.02-1.16) |
| Stimulant Use Disorder | 1.02a (0.97-1.07) | 1.08*a(1.03-1.13) |
| Opiate Use Disorder | 1.03a (0.99-1.08) | 1.09*a(1.05-1.15) |
| In Lifetime Users | ||
| Alcohol Use Disorder (N=24,759) | 1.02(1.00-1.04) | 1.08*(1.05-1.10) |
| Nicotine Dependence (N=16,297) | 1.02 (1.00-1.04) | 1.08*(1.06-1.10) |
| Cannabis Use Disorder (N=7,438) | 1.04*a(1.02-1.08) | 1.05*a(1.01-1.08) |
| Cocaine Use Disorder (N=2,284) | 1.01a (0.96-1.07) | 1.05a (1.00-1.11) |
| Sedative Use Disorder (N=1,809) | 0.98 a (0.92-1.05) | 1.04 a (0.97-1.12) |
| Stimulant Use Disorder (N=1,622) | 0.95a (0.89-1.01) | 1.05a (0.99-1.12) |
| Opiate Use Disorder (N=2,276) | 0.99a (0.94-1.05) | 1.04a (0.99-1.11) |
*
Indicates significant at p < 0.05 when compared with the reference group of 15,614 individuals with no symptoms
a
=Odds Ratios with identical superscripts could be statistically equated to each other at p > 0.05 in post-hoc between symptom count (inattentive vs. hyperactive-impulsive) comparisons.