Table 3. Selected pharmacokinetic interactions.

Drug-drug or drug-food combination	PK interaction	Mechanism
Gefitinib with bexarotene	Plasma levels of gefitinib significantly reduced (64, 65).	Gefitinib is metabolized by multiple cytochrome P450 enzymes, including bexarotene.
Temsirolimus with lenalidomide	Administration of temsirolimus increased maximum concentration and area under the concentration-time curve of lenalidomide(43).	Lenalidomide is P-glycoprotein substrate.
Imatinib, dasatinib, and nilotinib with high fat meals	AUC increased by 82% when nilotinib was given 30 minutes after a high fat meal (66).	Oral TKIs have a high risk of PK interactions when administered in conjunction with high-fat meals
Imatinib, dasatinib, and nilotinib with ketoconazole, levothyroxine, and verapamil	Imatinib exposure increased following ketoconazole coadministration (67).	Oral TKIs such as have a high risk of drug interactions when administered with drugs affecting CYP3A4.

AUC = area under the curve; TKI = tyrosine kinase inhibitors; PK = pharmacokinetic; CYP3A4 = cytochrome P450 3A4.