TABLE 2.
Potential targets of miR-340 associated with dendrite formation
| Target gene | Name | Function in dendrite formation |
|---|---|---|
| TIAM-1 | T-cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1 | Modulates the activity of RHO-like proteins and connects extracellular signals to cytoskeletal activities; activates RAC1, CDC42, and to a lesser extent RHOA. |
| ARHGEF6 | Rac/Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor 6 | Acts as a RAC1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor. |
| RHOA | Ras homolog gene family, member A | Regulates a signal transduction pathway linking plasma membrane receptors to the assembly of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers; represses dendrite formation in melanocyte cells. |
| CDC42SE2 | CDC42 small effector 2 | Likely involved in the organization of the actin cytoskeleton by acting downstream of CDC42, inducing actin filament assembly; alters CDC42-induced cell shape changes. |
| RAB27B | Member RAS oncogene family | Involved in vesicular fusion and trafficking and melanosome transport |
| MYO10 | Myosin X | Functions as an actin-based molecular motor and plays a role in the integration of F-actin and microtubule cytoskeletons during meiosis. |
| MACF1 | Microtubule-actin cross-linking factor 1 | May function in microtubule dynamics to facilitate actin-microtubule interactions at the cell periphery and couple the microtubule network to cellular junctions. |
| ARHGEF26 | Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 26 | Activates RhoG GTPase by promoting the exchange of GDP by GTP; required for the formation of membrane ruffles during macropinocytosis. |
| ROCK1 | Rho-associated, coiled-coil-containing protein kinase 1 | Regulates the actin cytoskeleton and cell polarity. |
| ARHGAP24 | Rho GTPase activating protein 24 | Involved in cell polarity, cell morphology and cytoskeletal organization |
| MYRIP | Myosin VIIA and Rab interacting protein | Involved in melanosome transport, serving as link between melanosome-bound RAB27A and the motor proteins MYO5A and MYO7A. |
| ARHGAP5 | Rho GTPase activating protein 5 | Mediates cytoskeleton changes by stimulating the hydrolysis of bound GTP. |
| ARHGAP29 | Rho GTPase activating protein 29 | Acts as a GTPase activator for the Rho-type GTPases by converting them to an inactive GDP-bound state; has strong activity toward RHOA and weaker activity toward RAC1 and CDC42. |
| CDC42BPA | CDC42 binding protein kinase alpha (DMPK-like) | Plays a role in the regulation of cytoskeleton reorganization and cell migration. |