Table 3.

Coronary heart disease incidence and mortality rates and adjusted hazard ratios (95% CI) for the association of time period with CHD incidence and mortality in 1987–1996 and 2003–2009, stratified by diabetes status

	No Diabetes		Diabetes		p-value interaction
	1987–1996	2003–2009	1987–1996	2003–2009
N	13,152	10,415	1,673	2,297
CHD incidence
Incidence rate* (95% CI)	3.9 (3.5, 4.4)	2.2 (1.8, 2.7)	11.1 (9.3, 13.2)	5.4 (4.2, 7.0)	---
Model 1†	1 (ref)	0.60 (0.48, 0.76)	1 (ref)	0.53 (0.38, 0.73)	0.39
Model 2‡	1 (ref)	0.64 (0.50, 0.80)	1 (ref)	0.56 (0.40, 0.78)	0.33
Model 3§	1 (ref)	0.75 (0.59, 0.96)	1 (ref)	0.68 (0.46, 0.99)	0.95
CHD mortality
Mortality rate* (95% CI)	0.8 (0.7, 1.1)	0.4 (0.3, 0.6)	4.3 (3.2, 5.7)	1.3 (0.9, 1.9)	---
Model 1†	1 (ref)	0.49 (0.32, 0.76)	1 (ref)	0.32 (0.20, 0.52)	0.09
Model 2‡	1 (ref)	0.55 (0.36, 0.85)	1 (ref)	0.34 (0.20, 0.56)	0.08
Model 3§	1 (ref)	0.64 (0.40, 1.00)	1 (ref)	0.45 (0.26, 0.80)	0.21

CHD: coronary heart disease; CI: confidence interval; p-value for interaction of diabetes status and time period

^*Rates are per 1,000 person-years and adjusted for age, race, and sex

^†Model 1: adjusted for age, race, and sex

^‡Model 2: adjusted for age, race, sex, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive medication use, current smoking, and body mass index

^§Model 3: adjusted for model 2 variables plus lipid-lowering medication use and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol