FIG 5.

The effects of pLL arise quickly; pLL added after LPS can still shift the response to the TLR agonist. BMDCs were stimulated with LPS alone or with LPS and FD-pLL (25 μg), added at different times with respect to the addition of LPS. IL-10, IL-12/23p40, and IL-12p70 in the supernatants were measured 18 h after LPS addition. The error bars indicate the SD of triplicate wells. ANOVA gave overall P values of <0.0001. Only differences in comparison with the conditions used in the previous figures (pLL added 1 h before LPS) are indicated with asterisks. The data are representative of 5 (IL-10), 4 (IL-12/23p40), or 3 (IL-12p70) independent experiments (although in some experiments, the effects of pLL added 4 h before LPS were weaker than those in the experiment shown). ***, P < 0.001; **, P < 0.01; *, P < 0.05.