pLL has different effects on CD86 and CD40 expression. BMDCs were incubated with FD-pLL (25 μg) or medium only and then stimulated or not with LPS and analyzed for surface expression of CD86, CD40, and CD80. ANOVA gave overall P values of <0.0001 for CD86 and CD40 and <0.001 for CD80. The histograms are representative of results from triplicate wells, and the error bars indicate the SD of these triplicates. The data shown are representative of at least 6 independent experiments, except that effects of pLL on CD80 were not always significant. **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001.