Table 2.
Clinical Symptoms and Well-Being for Patients in the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), Aerobic Exercise (AE), Healthy Control (HC), and Untreated (UT) Groups
| Measure | Group | Pre Mean (SD) |
Post Mean (SD) |
3 Month FU Mean (SD) |
Pre vs. Post F, p, effect size |
Pre vs. 3 mo FU F, p, effect size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CLINICAL SYMPTOMS | ||||||
|
Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (Self-report) |
MBSR | 86.82 (20.91) | 55.50 (18.52) | 55.56 (16.76) | 64.32, .001, .75 | 31.71, .001, .68 |
| AE | 87.38 (16.06) | 61.41 (28.64) | 54.86 (25.09) | 16.43, .001, .51 | 30.77, .001, .70 | |
| UT | 78.37 (18.04) | 65.42 (21.37) | 12.02, .001, .33 | |||
| HC | 15.50 (11.30) | |||||
|
Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (Straightforward Items) |
MBSR | 43.50 (9.85) | 33.88 (7.66) | 29.91 (7.38) | 10.27, .006, .41 | 13.82, .004, .58 |
| AE | 45.81 (9.05) | 34.56 (14.10) | 27.80 (14.83) | 19.18, .002, .49 | 10.36, .01, .54 | |
| UT | 42.42 (10.19) | 43.04 (12.57) | .11, .75, .01 | |||
| HC | 13.40 (8.60) | |||||
| Beck Depression Inventory-II | MBSR | 13.94 (11.46) | 5.29 (5.30) | 4.73 (4.89) | 11.83, .003 .43 | 6.94, .02, .33 |
| AE | 16.40 (7.84) | 10.93 (8.88) | 9.17 (6.77) | 4.28, .058, .23 | 9.53, .01, .46 | |
| UT | 13.32 (10.25) | 13.05 (10.60) | .01, .92, .01 | |||
| HC | 1.60 (2.80) | |||||
| Perceived Stress Scale | MBSR | 10.00 (2.40) | 7.90 (1.66) | -- | 5.30, .047, .37 | -- |
| AE | 10.17 (3.01) | 9.83 (2.89) | -- | .17, .69, .02 | -- | |
| UT | 9.43 (2.93) | 10.62 (3.37) | 3.40, .08, .15 | |||
| HC | 6.50 (2.00) | |||||
| WELL-BEING | ||||||
| Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale | MBSR | 24.56 (3.46) | 27.81 (3.82) | 27.85 (5.15) | 15.18, .001, .50 | 6.95, .02, .37 |
| AE | 23.69 (4.60) | 25.81 (4.59) | 27.17 (4.76) | 4.48, .05, .23 | 3.34, .01, .23 | |
| UT | 23.05 (5.52) | 23.75 (6.44) | .80, .38, .04 | |||
| HC | 35.20 (3.80) | |||||
| Satisfaction with Life Scale | MBSR | 14.00 (4.26) | 17.07 (4.78) | 17.27 (3.61) | 10.29, .007, .44 | 9.72, .01, .49 |
| AE | 14.00 (6.30) | 15.64 (6.32) | 16.11 (7.01) | 2.37, .15, .15 | 12.68, .007, .61 | |
| UT | 15.33 (6.18) | 15.22 (6.29) | .02, .89, .01 | |||
| HC | 21.80 (4.40) | |||||
| Self-Compassion Scale | MBSR | 2.27 (.63) | 2.68 (.45) | 2.89 (.63) | 1.70, .23, .20 | 4.37, .07, .38 |
| AE | 2.10 (.46) | 2.82 (.64) | 2.97 (.67) | 22.71, .001, .64 | 10.46, .008, .49 | |
| UT | 2.21 (.60) | 2.23 (.72) | .02, .89, .01 | |||
| HC | 3.60 (.60) | |||||
| UCLA Loneliness Scale | MBSR | 25.07 (2.79) | 22.20 (3.03) | -- | 9.60, .008, .41 | -- |
| AE | 24.85 (3.58) | 22.77 (5.63) | -- | 2.99, .11, .20 | -- | |
| UT | 23.68 (4.73) | 23.37 (5.69) | .21, .65, .01 | |||
| HC | 12.70 (3.70) | |||||
Note. SD = standard deviation, effect size = partial eta squared (ηp2).