Table 1. Species for Which Queosine (Q) or Queuine (q) Have Been Demonstrated Present or Absent and Corresponding Accession Numbersa.
| eTGT accessions |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| kingdom | species | tRNA | refs | bTGT accession | QTRT1 | QTRTD1 | DUF2419 accessions |
| Organisms with Sequenced Queuosine Containing tRNAs | |||||||
| Bacteria | Azospirillum lipoferum | Asn | (86) | YP_005039595.1 | |||
| Bacillus subtilis | Tyr | (86) | NP_390649.1 | ||||
| Escherichia coli | Asp, His, Tyr, Asn | (86, 87) | NP_414940.1 | ||||
| Geobacillus stearothermophilus | Tyr | (86) | bstearo.Contig544 | ||||
| Salmonella typhimurium | His | (86) | ESE73596.1 | ||||
| Protozoa | Tetrahymena pyriformis | Tyr | (88) | ||||
| Animals | Bos taurus | Asn, Asp | (86) | NP_001193621.1 | NP_001092378.1 | NP_001070446.1 | |
| Drosophila melanogaster | Tyr, His | (86, 89) | NP_608585.1 | NP_648320.1 | NP_611573.1 | ||
| Homo sapiens | Asn | (86) | NP_112486.1 | NP_078914.1 | NP_115683.3 | ||
| Ovis aries | His | (86) | XP_004009348.1 | XP_004002979.1 | XP_004004160.1 | ||
| Rattus norvegicus | Asn, Aspc, Aspb | (86) | NP_071586.2 | XP_001067760.2 | NP_001166907.1 | ||
| Xenopus laevis | Aspb | (87) | NP_001089529.1 | NP_001086589.1 | NP_001086304.2 | ||
| rabbit (sequence from Oryctolagus cuniculus) | Aspb | (87) | XP_002723326.1 | XP_002716877.1 | XP_002721316.1 | ||
| Plant | Triticum aestivum | Tyr | (86) | CA685945, BQ295388 (EST partial match) | CD866774, CJ623453, CJ955180, CJ588187 (EST partial match) | ||
| Other Organisms with Queuosine Containing tRNAs (Not Sequenced) | |||||||
| Animals | Drosophila megalonaster | Asn, Asp | (90) | see above | see above | see above | |
| Lucilia sericata | His, Asn, Asp, Tyr | (91) | |||||
| Musca domestica | His, Asn, Asp, Tyr | (91) | XP_005181648.1 | XP_005184760.1 | XP_005176381.1 | ||
| Tenebrio molitor | His, Asn, Asp, Tyr | (91) | |||||
| Monodelphis domestica | Asp | (95) | XP_001365875.1 | XP_001368404.2 | XP_001379226.2 | ||
| Caenorhabditis elegans | unspecified (bulk tRNA) | (14) | NP_502268.1 | NP_741662.1 | NP_500924.2 | ||
| Amoeba | Dictyostelium discoideum | Asn | (11) | XP_629936.1 | XP_643448.1 | XP_636598.1 | |
| Green algae | Chlamydomonas reinhardtii | unspecified (bulk tRNA) | (13) | XP_001702820.1 | XP_001692426.1 | ||
| Chlorella pyrenoidosa (sequence from Chlorella variabilis NC644) | unspecified (bulk tRNA) | (13) | IGS.gm_3_00384 | IGS.gm_32_00025 | IGS.gm_14_00360 | ||
| Plant | Lupinus luteus | Asn, His, Tyr | (92−94) | ||||
| Other Organisms Where Free Queuine Has Been Identified | |||||||
| Plant | Cocos nucifera | (1) | |||||
| Solanum lycopersicum | (1) | XP_004237947.1 | XP_004251975.1 | XP_004231913.1 | |||
| Organisms Where the Absence of Queuosine Has Been Experimentaly Demonstrated | |||||||
| Fungi | Saccharomyces cerevisiae | (26) | |||||
| Candida albicans | (27) | ||||||
| Plant | Arabidopsis thalianad | (44) | |||||
Accession numbers were obtained using NCBI BlastP against each organism, with the human protein sequences as input. When no hits were found, NCBI tBlastN was used against EST (eukaryote) or genomic sequences (prokaryotes). An empty entry means that no hits were found. vJGI was used for Chlorella variabilis (instead of Chlorella pyrenoidosa, see: http://genome.jgi-psf.org/ChlNC64A_1/ChlNC64A_1.home.html), and for Geobacillus stearothermophilus, sequences were found using tBlastN at http://www.genome.ou.edu/bstearo.html.
Modification β,d-mannosylqueuosine detected, implying the existence of the Q modification.
Mitochondrial tRNA.
Q has never been demonstrated present in Arabidopsis thaliana, and Chen et al. suggest that it is absent in Arabidopsis thaliana since there are no TGT genes present in this organism, and indeed they could not find it in their bulk tRNA analysis. These authors mention that it could still be there but unstable; however, Q is stable, whereas its glutamylated derivative is not.96