Table 2.
Definitions of “Lifetime asthma” and “Diagnosed asthma” and prevalence estimates computed using data from INAsma survey (n = 6257) and from NHANES 2009 (n = 10348)
|
Definition |
INAsma |
NHANES 05/06 |
|---|---|---|
| % [95%CI] | % [95%CI] | |
|
Lifetime asthma |
|
|
| Ever had asthma [3,9,14,16,17,24,51,54,66,72-89] |
14.5 [13.6-15.4] |
n.a. |
| Wheeze in the last 12 months or ever had asthma [90] |
28.1 [27.0-29.2] |
n.a. |
| Had a condition which causes difficulty in breathing, with wheezing noises in the chest [67] |
n.a. |
n.a. |
| Self-report of dyspnea and nocturnal dyspnea associated with wheezing, or attacks of dyspnea with wheezing, or physician-diagnosed asthma [91] |
n.a. |
n.a. |
| Ever had wheeze [92] |
n.a. |
n.a. |
| Report of simultaneous dyspnea and wheezing in the absence of upper respiratory infections [93] |
9.5 [8.8-10.2] |
n.a. |
| Ever had wheeze and cough more than other (children) and breathlessness at rest or exercise [94] |
n.a. |
n.a. |
| Ever had asthma and/or one of the following: wheeze, cough or acute shortness of breath due to external factors [95] |
n.a. |
n.a. |
|
Diagnosed asthma |
|
|
| Ever diagnosed with asthma by a physician or health professional [21,23,24,26,28,29,52,66,85-88,91,92,94,96-118] |
9.3 [8.5-10.2]* |
13.4 [12.7-14.1] |
| Diagnosed with asthma by a physician or wheezing in the last 12 months, apart from cold or the flu [119] |
20.1 [19.0-21.2]* |
24.5 [23.6-25.3]† |
| Diagnosed with asthma by a physician in the last 12 months [120,121] |
n.a. |
n.a. |
| Ever had asthma and medical confirmation [14,17,38,122] |
9.3 [8.5-10.1]* |
n.a. |
| Ever had asthma and use of medication for asthma [9] |
8.2 [7.5-8.9] |
n.a. |
| Ever diagnosed with asthma by a physician or health professional and Ever stayed over night in the hospital for wheezing [123] |
2.5 [2.1-2.9]* |
n.a. |
| Ever diagnosed with asthma by a physician or health professional and use of medication for asthma [47] |
7.4 [6.7-8.1]* |
1.1 [0.9-1.3] |
| History of asthma and physical examination and skin-prick tests and peak flow measurements [53] |
n.a. |
n.a. |
| History of asthma and physical signs of asthma (rhonchi or chest deformity) [124] |
n.a. |
n.a. |
| Diagnosed with asthma by a physician or symptoms (presence of wheezing, history of dry cough, recurrent wheeze, dyspnea/ recurrent difficulty in breathing or recurrent chest tightness) with clinical assessment [125] |
n.a. |
n.a. |
| Recurrent wheezing episodes, clinically confirmed by a physician, exactly a pediatrician or a pediatric pulmonologist [126] |
n.a. |
n.a. |
| Physician stated that (you) had asthma in the last 2 years, on 2 or more separate occasions had wheezing in the last 2 years, or had asthma prior to 2 years ago or on 2 or more separate occasions had wheezing prior to 2 years ago [39,40] | n.a. | n.a. |
*Questions related to this variable were only asked in the second phase of INAsma; therefore the total number of participants was corrected for non-response in phase II (total n = 4949). n.a. – not available – Questions related to this variable were not asked in the INAsma survey. †“apart from cold or the flu” was not considered for estimation purposes.