. 2014 Aug 12;9:1327–1333. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S61760

Table 2.

Effects of testosterone and finasteride on cognition

Cognitive or psychological test	Time of testing	Testosterone–placebo	Testosterone–finasteride	Vehicle–placebo	Vehicle–finasteride	Testosterone effect	Finasteride effect
Depression¹⁶,¹⁷	Baseline	2.38±1.76	4.93±2.76	2.13±1.93	3.08±3.95	−0.74 (−1.41 to −0.06) P=0.04^*	−0.63 (−1.31 to 0.06) P=0.08
15 questions	3 months	1.80±1.55	3.23±3.11	1.67±1.18	2.90±3.93
	6 months	1.50±1.51	5.00±4.80	1.62±1.80	2.22±3.90
	9 months	0.88±0.64	3.69±3.86	2.92±3.26	1.89±2.98
	12 months	3.33±3.39	3.73±1.18	1.83±1.27	2.88±4.02
Trail Making Test A¹⁸	Baseline	37.5±12.9	36.6±9.23	44.0±27.0	46.4±13.0	−0.64 (−5.10 to 3.81) P=0.78	−2.42 (−6.83 to 2.00) P=0.29
Time (seconds)	3 months	38.5±16.5	33.5±7.08	44.3±27.5	42.1±17.6
	6 months	32.9±12.3	31.2±8.14	36.9±18.7	39.0±16.6
	9 months	31.0±12.6	29.0±6.49	43.7±44.9	38.5±13.1
	12 months	29.1±15.8	39.5±10.3	43.7±45.9	40.0±15.4
Trail Making Test B¹⁸	Baseline	111.8±63.7	106.7±61.8	122.3±73.9	122.3±54.5	−25.15 (−52.72 to 2.42) P=0.08	−4.04 (−32.36 to 24.29) P=0.78
Time (seconds)	3 months	113.3±18.8	100.8±37.0	131.8±102.2	120.3±74.9
	6 months	110.6±26.3	97.6±46.7	137.2±147.8	106.2±47.8
	9 months	90.6±43.5	82.5±27.3	126.6±152.7	107.8±16.4
	12 months	83.8±41.0	86.5±35.5	113.3±127.0	131.0±95.7
Life Satisfaction Index A¹⁵	Baseline	13.8±3.51	11.3±4.60	12.6±4.32	12.0±5.71	−0.87 (−2.18 to 0.44) P=0.20	0.18 (−1.15 to 1.51) P=0.79
Max =20	3 months	12.6±2.29	12.2±5.15	14.1±3.54	12.1±6.01
	6 months	13.7±3.33	11.2±6.16	13.5±4.56	14.4±4.95
	9 months	14.7±2.92	11.5±5.03	13.1±5.11	13.4±4.16
	12 months	15.1±2.71	12.7±6.25	13.8±4.76	12.5±5.40
Life Satisfaction Index B¹⁵	Baseline	19.2±2.49	15.7±5.03	18.0±2.90	17.3±5.79	0.33 (−0.85 to 1.51) P=0.58	0.38 (−0.81 to 1.56) P=0.54
Max =24	3 months	19.6±0.65	17.2±4.33	19.1±3.02	16.9±4.86
	6 months	19.0±2.91	16.1±5.97	18.3±3.61	16.7±6.04
	9 months	19.5±1.41	16.4±4.40	18.5±4.30	17.3±5.27
	12 months	18.3±2.40	15.9±4.98	18.8±3.74	15.6±6.02
Benton Judgment of Line Orientation¹⁹	Baseline	24.5±4.54	25.8±3.79	24.6±4.91	24.3±2.90	0.59 (−0.87 to 2.04) P=0.43	1.89 (0.05 to 3.74) P=0.05^*
Benton Judgment of Line Orientation¹⁹	3 months	25.0±0.73	25.0±4.22	25.6±4.55	25.4±4.35
Max =30	6 months	25.9±1.18	26.0±3.05	25.0±4.54	25.1±3.98
	9 months	25.3±4.1	25.7±3.02	24.9±6.07	23.8±3.69
	12 months	25.6±1.97	26.1±2.66	24.0±6.52	25.5±3.16
Rey0²⁰	Baseline	27.9±5.50	29.2±5.47	28.8±5.55	29.3±3.13	−1.11 (−3.53 to 1.30) P=0.37	−0.04 (−2.46 to 2.39) P=0.98
Copy figure	3 months	26.8±7.91	29.3±3.77	29.0±5.37	29.6±2.63
Max =36	6 months	27.4±2.11	28.0±4.33	28.5±5.16	30.1±2.20
	9 months	28.0±6.93	29.0±3.63	29.2±3.58	23.8±3.69
	12 months	27.0±8.52	27.5±4.98	27.4±4.99	28.5±3.57
Rey5²⁰	Baseline	13.3±12.4	12.06±3.95	12.3±6.26	12.5±6.74	1.38 (−1.20 to 3.97) P=0.30	1.98 (−0.57 to 4.52) P=0.13
Draw from memory at 5 minutes	3 months	15.6±7.34	15.8±5.62	11.8±8.07	13.2±3.15
Draw from memory at 5 minutes	6 months	16.9±8.17	16.4±4.76	12.6±7.29	15.1±5.10
Max =36	9 months	15.8±8.67	17.3±3.63	15.8±8.33	15.0±7.61
Max =36	12 months	16.5±7.68	18.6±6.18	15.6±8.97	14.8±5.53
Rey30²⁰	Baseline	12.4±5.05	12.8±3.78	12.8±6.12	13.5±4.91	2.87 (0.70 to 5.04) P=0.01^*	1.37 (−0.89 to 3.63) P=0.24
Draw from memory at 30 minutes	3 months	16.6±7.45	16.2±5.75	12.5±5.40	12.8±4.96
Draw from memory at 30 minutes	6 months	15.7±8.21	17.3±5.59	14.0±8.95	16.1±6.12
Max =36	9 months	15.2±8.67	18.0±5.00	15.5±7.73	15.1±6.81
Max =36	12 months	16.8±7.71	19.2±6.57	16.4±8.75	15.0±7.23

Notes: Test results are means ± standard deviation. Treatment effects are shown with 95% confidence intervals in parentheses.

Statistically significant result, P<0.05.

Abbreviations: Max, maximum score; Rey0, baseline Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test; Rey5, 5-minute recall trial of the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test; Rey30, 30-minute recall trial of the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test.