Loss of Nkx2–5 or Gata3 leads to decreased smooth muscle maturation and abrogation of Sox9 expression within the gastric ligaments. Immunofluorescence of the pylorus in WT, Gata3lacZ/lacZ (G3KO), or CAGGCre-ERTM;Nkx2–5flox/flox (N25CKO) embryos at E16.5. Ai–iv: in WT embryos, GATA3 and NKX2–5 are coexpressed in the gastric ligaments. SOX9 is expressed in a subset of GATA3/NKX2–5 double-positive cells in the central portion of the ligament. Bi–viii and Ci–iv: expression of α-SMA, GATA3, NKX2–5, and SOX9 after germline loss of Gata3 (Bi–iv, Ci, and Cii) or conditional loss of NKX2–5 (Bv–viii, Ciii, and Civ). NKX2–5 expression persists in the absence of Gata3 (Bi), and GATA3 expression persists in the absence of Nkx2–5 (Bvii). α-SMA expression is reduced (Bii and Bvi) and SOX9 expression is lost (Cii and Civ) in the absence of Gata3 or Nkx2–5. The gastric ligaments are outlined with dotted yellow lines. Orientation is as follows: stomach is left, and dorsal is up.