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. 2014 Jun 26;307(4):G452–G458. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00120.2014

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4.

The effects of GEJ closure during gastric air injection on the UES and LES in thoractomized animals. We found that injection of 50 ml of air in the proximal stomach caused TUESR and TLESR when the GEJ was open, but injection of the same volume of air when the GEJ was closed caused only TLESR. Therefore, gastric gas escape activates the TUESR, and gastric distension activates the TLESR. Note the rapid increase in gastric perfusion pressure (*) and LES contraction during the TLESR (#) associated with TUESR. See Figs. 1 and 2 for definition of symbols.