Fig. 5.

The effect of venting the distal esophagus during gastric air injection on TUESR. We found that venting the distal esophagus prevented the activation of TUESR by gastric air injection. However, venting did not prevent the sound of gas escape for the stomach that occurred at the initiation of the TUESR, but this sound was not recorded in this study. Therefore, allowing air escape from the esophagus prevented activation of the TUESR. Note the rapid increase in gastric perfusion pressure (*) associated with TUESR. See Fig. 1 for definition of symbols.