Figure 4.

Concurrent fMRI and optical imaging spectroscopy. An oblique slice covering the dorsal surface of the brain (top left) is first used to identify a coronal (top center) or topographic slice (top right) containing the whisker barrel cortex for fMRI data acquisition. Apparatus allowing concurrent optical imaging is illustrated (top), consisting of a specially adapted MRI-compatible endoscope to transmit light to and from the brain surface. Optical imaging data is shown in the bottom panels, including the raw gray scale imaging of the cortical surface visualized through a thin cranial window (left and center), and activation induced changes in deoxyhemoglobin concentration (right) that correspond well to the concurrently acquired fMRI data (top right). Adapted with permission from Kennerley et al. (2012).