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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jan 10.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Commun. 2014 Jul 10;5:4389. doi: 10.1038/ncomms5389

Figure 1. Learning induces biphasic changes in stathmin activity and microtubule stability.

Figure 1

(a) Immunoblot estimation of stathmin phosphorylation at Ser16 (pS16), Ser25 (pS25), and Ser38 (pS38) 0.5, 1, 2, 8, or 24 h following contextual fear conditioning. N, naïve. n = 6 per group (pooled tissues from 3–4 mice per sample). *p < 0.05 versus naïve mice (post hoc comparison). (b) Analysis of stathmin-tubulin protein interactions using co-immunoprecipitation. Stathmin-tubulin complexes are formed at 0.5 h and dissociate at 8 h after contextual fear conditioning. n = 4 per group (pooled tissues from 4–5 mice per sample). *p < 0.05 (post hoc comparison). (c) Immunoblot estimation of detyrosinated (Detyr-) and tyrosinated (Tyr-) α-tubulin levels after contextual fear conditioning. n = 6 per group (pooled tissues from 3–4 mice per sample). *p < 0.05 versus naïve mice (post hoc comparison). (d) Experimental design for drug administration 8 h following contextual fear conditioning. Memory was tested 24 h after training. (e) Mice injected with nocodazole 8 h following training show reduced freezing. vehicle, n = 11; nocodazole, n = 12. *p < 0.05 (Student’s t test). (f) Mice injected with paclitaxel 8 h following training show increased freezing. vehicle, n = 11; nocodazole, n = 12. *p < 0.05 (Student’s t test). Data are expressed as mean ± s.e.m.